release: v2.13.0

Feature: Introducing The Ability to Dump Conditionally

.github/workflows/static.yml

@@ -30,8 +30,11 @@ jobs:
     - name: Install Dependencies
       run: composer update --prefer-stable --no-interaction --no-progress --ansi
 
-    - name: Types
-      run: composer test:types
+    - name: Type Check
+      run: composer test:type:check
+
+    - name: Type Coverage
+      run: composer test:type:coverage
 
     - name: Refacto
       run: composer test:refacto

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -2,6 +2,86 @@
 
 ## Unreleased
 
+## [v2.12.2 (2023-08-07)](https://github.com/pestphp/pest/compare/v2.12.0...v2.12.2)
+
+### Fixed
+
+- Running tests from `uses` parent class ([#898](https://github.com/pestphp/pest/pull/898))
+
+## [v2.12.0 (2023-08-02)](https://github.com/pestphp/pest/compare/v2.11.0...v2.12.0)
+
+### Added
+
+- Allows multiple `toMatchSnapshot` per test ([#881](https://github.com/pestphp/pest/pull/881))
+
+### Changed
+
+- Bumps PHPUnit to `^10.2.7` ([43107c1](https://github.com/pestphp/pest/commit/43107c17436e41e23018ae31705c688168c14784))
+
+## [v2.11.0 (2023-08-01)](https://github.com/pestphp/pest/compare/v2.10.1...v2.11.0)
+
+### Added
+
+- `toBeInvokable`expectation ([#891](https://github.com/pestphp/pest/pull/891))
+
+## [v2.10.1 (2023-07-31)](https://github.com/pestphp/pest/compare/v2.10.0...v2.10.1)
+
+### Fixed
+
+- `not->toHaveSuffix` and `toHavePrefix` expectations ([#888](https://github.com/pestphp/pest/pull/888))
+
+## [v2.10.0 (2023-07-31)](https://github.com/pestphp/pest/compare/v2.9.5...v2.10.0)
+
+### Added
+
+- `repeat` feature ([f3f35a2](https://github.com/pestphp/pest/commit/f3f35a2ed119f63eefd323a8c66d3387e908df3f))
+
+### Fixed
+
+- `-v` option ([86a6b32](https://github.com/pestphp/pest/commit/86a6b3271518742dc39761228687a5107551d279))
+
+## [v2.9.5 (2023-07-22)](https://github.com/pestphp/pest/compare/v2.9.4...v2.9.5)
+
+### Fixed
+
+- Assertions count on arch expectations ([632ffc2](https://github.com/pestphp/pest/commit/632ffc2f8e1fe45f739b12b818426ae14700079e))
+
+## [v2.9.4 (2023-07-22)](https://github.com/pestphp/pest/compare/v2.9.3...v2.9.4)
+
+### Fixed
+
+- Output on `describe` `beforeEach` failure ([5637dfa](https://github.com/pestphp/pest/commit/5637dfa75d1a331adc810935536cde7c3196af06))
+
+## [v2.9.3 (2023-07-20)](https://github.com/pestphp/pest/compare/v2.9.2...v2.9.3)
+
+### Fixed
+
+- Snapshots directory on Windows environments ([cf52752](https://github.com/pestphp/pest/commit/cf5275293fe693ec2cf4dbadbadae01daaa08169))
+
+## [v2.9.2 (2023-07-20)](https://github.com/pestphp/pest/compare/v2.9.1...v2.9.2)
+
+### Fixed
+
+- `beforeEach` on Windows environments ([a37a3b9](https://github.com/pestphp/pest/commit/a37a3b9f9931bc1ab1ea9e1d6d38dfb55dde3f74))
+
+## [v2.9.1 (2023-07-20)](https://github.com/pestphp/pest/compare/v2.9.0...v2.9.1)
+
+### Chore
+
+- Bumps PHPUnit to `^10.2.6` ([8fdb0b3](https://github.com/pestphp/pest/commit/8fdb0b3d32ce9ee12bd182f22751c2b41a53e97b))
+
+## [v2.9.0 (2023-07-19)](https://github.com/pestphp/pest/compare/v2.8.1...v2.9.0)
+
+> "Spicy Summer" is the codename assigned to Pest 2.9, for full details check our announcement: [https://pestphp.com/docs/pest-spicy-summer-release](https://pestphp.com/docs/pest-spicy-summer-release)
+
+### Added
+
+- Built-in Snapshot Testing ([c828756](https://github.com/pestphp/pest/commit/c8287567eb8c3dbea5845b2a6f70804b094b4b60))
+- Describe Blocks ([c828756](https://github.com/pestphp/pest/commit/c8287567eb8c3dbea5845b2a6f70804b094b4b60))
+- Architectural Testing++ ([c828756](https://github.com/pestphp/pest/commit/c8287567eb8c3dbea5845b2a6f70804b094b4b60))
+- Type Coverage Plugin ([c828756](https://github.com/pestphp/pest/commit/c8287567eb8c3dbea5845b2a6f70804b094b4b60))
+- Drift Plugin ([c828756](https://github.com/pestphp/pest/commit/c8287567eb8c3dbea5845b2a6f70804b094b4b60))
+
 ## [v2.8.1 (2023-06-20)](https://github.com/pestphp/pest/compare/v2.8.0...v2.8.1)
 
 ### Fixed

README.md

@@ -32,7 +32,6 @@ We cannot thank our sponsors enough for their incredible support in funding Pest
 - [Codecourse](https://codecourse.com/)
 - [Laracasts](https://laracasts.com/)
 - [Localazy](https://localazy.com)
-- [Hyvor](https://hyvor.com/)
 - [Fathom Analytics](https://usefathom.com/)
 - [Meema](https://meema.io)
 - [Zapiet](https://www.zapiet.com)

bin/worker.php

@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ $bootPest = (static function (): void {
     ];
 
     foreach ($composerAutoloadFiles as $file) {
+
         if (file_exists($file)) {
             require_once $file;
             define('PHPUNIT_COMPOSER_INSTALL', $file);

composer.json

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 {
     "name": "pestphp/pest",
-    "description": "An elegant PHP Testing Framework.",
+    "description": "The elegant PHP Testing Framework.",
     "keywords": [
         "php",
         "framework",
@@ -18,16 +18,16 @@
     ],
     "require": {
         "php": "^8.1.0",
-        "brianium/paratest": "^7.2.2",
-        "nunomaduro/collision": "^7.7.0",
+        "brianium/paratest": "^7.2.5",
+        "nunomaduro/collision": "^7.8.1",
         "nunomaduro/termwind": "^1.15.1",
         "pestphp/pest-plugin": "^2.0.1",
-        "pestphp/pest-plugin-arch": "^2.2.2",
-        "phpunit/phpunit": "^10.2.3"
+        "pestphp/pest-plugin-arch": "^2.2.3",
+        "phpunit/phpunit": "^10.3.1"
     },
     "conflict": {
         "webmozart/assert": "<1.11.0",
-        "phpunit/phpunit": ">10.2.3"
+        "phpunit/phpunit": ">10.3.1"
     },
     "autoload": {
         "psr-4": {
@@ -42,6 +42,7 @@
         "psr-4": {
             "Tests\\Fixtures\\Covers\\": "tests/Fixtures/Covers",
             "Tests\\Fixtures\\Inheritance\\": "tests/Fixtures/Inheritance",
+            "Tests\\Fixtures\\Arch\\": "tests/Fixtures/Arch",
             "Tests\\": "tests/PHPUnit/"
         },
         "files": [
@@ -49,10 +50,12 @@
         ]
     },
     "require-dev": {
-        "pestphp/pest-dev-tools": "^2.12.0",
-        "symfony/process": "^6.3.0"
+        "pestphp/pest-dev-tools": "^2.14.0",
+        "pestphp/pest-plugin-type-coverage": "^2.0.0",
+        "symfony/process": "^6.3.2"
     },
-    "minimum-stability": "stable",
+    "minimum-stability": "dev",
+    "prefer-stable": true,
     "config": {
         "sort-packages": true,
         "preferred-install": "dist",
@@ -68,16 +71,18 @@
         "lint": "pint",
         "test:refacto": "rector --dry-run",
         "test:lint": "pint --test",
-        "test:types": "phpstan analyse --ansi --memory-limit=-1 --debug",
+        "test:type:check": "phpstan analyse --ansi --memory-limit=-1 --debug",
+        "test:type:coverage": "php bin/pest --type-coverage --min=100",
         "test:unit": "php bin/pest --colors=always --exclude-group=integration --compact",
         "test:inline": "php bin/pest --colors=always --configuration=phpunit.inline.xml",
         "test:parallel": "php bin/pest --colors=always --exclude-group=integration --parallel --processes=10",
         "test:integration": "php bin/pest --colors=always --group=integration",
-        "update:snapshots": "REBUILD_SNAPSHOTS=true php bin/pest --colors=always",
+        "update:snapshots": "REBUILD_SNAPSHOTS=true php bin/pest --colors=always --update-snapshots",
         "test": [
             "@test:refacto",
             "@test:lint",
-            "@test:types",
+            "@test:type:check",
+            "@test:type:coverage",
             "@test:unit",
             "@test:parallel",
             "@test:integration"
@@ -98,6 +103,8 @@
                 "Pest\\Plugins\\ProcessIsolation",
                 "Pest\\Plugins\\Profile",
                 "Pest\\Plugins\\Retry",
+                "Pest\\Plugins\\Snapshot",
+                "Pest\\Plugins\\Verbose",
                 "Pest\\Plugins\\Version",
                 "Pest\\Plugins\\Parallel"
             ]

overrides/Runner/TestSuiteLoader.php

@@ -60,6 +60,11 @@ final class TestSuiteLoader
      */
     private static array $loadedClasses = [];
 
+    /**
+     * @psalm-var array<string, array<class-string>>
+     */
+    private static array $loadedClassesByFilename = [];
+
     /**
      * @psalm-var list<class-string>
      */
@@ -97,6 +102,17 @@ final class TestSuiteLoader
 
         self::$loadedClasses = array_merge($loadedClasses, self::$loadedClasses);
 
+        foreach ($loadedClasses as $loadedClass) {
+            $reflection = new ReflectionClass($loadedClass);
+            $filename = $reflection->getFileName();
+            self::$loadedClassesByFilename[$filename] = [
+                $loadedClass,
+                ...self::$loadedClassesByFilename[$filename] ?? [],
+            ];
+        }
+
+        $loadedClasses = array_merge(self::$loadedClassesByFilename[$suiteClassFile] ?? [], $loadedClasses);
+
         if (empty($loadedClasses)) {
             return $this->exceptionFor($suiteClassName, $suiteClassFile);
         }

src/Concerns/Testable.php

@@ -23,40 +23,50 @@ use Throwable;
 trait Testable
 {
     /**
-     * Test method description.
+     * The test's description.
      */
     private string $__description;
 
     /**
-     * Test "latest" method description.
+     * The test's latest description.
      */
     private static string $__latestDescription;
 
     /**
-     * The Test Case "test" closure.
+     * The test's describing, if any.
+     */
+    public ?string $__describing = null;
+
+    /**
+     * The test's test closure.
      */
     private Closure $__test;
 
     /**
-     * The Test Case "setUp" closure.
+     * The test's before each closure.
      */
     private ?Closure $__beforeEach = null;
 
     /**
-     * The Test Case "tearDown" closure.
+     * The test's after each closure.
      */
     private ?Closure $__afterEach = null;
 
     /**
-     * The Test Case "setUpBeforeClass" closure.
+     * The test's before all closure.
      */
     private static ?Closure $__beforeAll = null;
 
     /**
-     * The test "tearDownAfterClass" closure.
+     * The test's after all closure.
      */
     private static ?Closure $__afterAll = null;
 
+    /**
+     * The list of snapshot changes, if any.
+     */
+    private array $__snapshotChanges = [];
+
     /**
      * Resets the test case static properties.
      */
@@ -78,6 +88,7 @@ trait Testable
         if ($test->hasMethod($name)) {
             $method = $test->getMethod($name);
             $this->__description = self::$__latestDescription = $method->description;
+            $this->__describing = $method->describing;
             $this->__test = $method->getClosure($this);
         }
     }
@@ -92,7 +103,7 @@ trait Testable
         }
 
         self::$__beforeAll = (self::$__beforeAll instanceof Closure)
-            ? ChainableClosure::fromStatic(self::$__beforeAll, $hook)
+            ? ChainableClosure::boundStatically(self::$__beforeAll, $hook)
             : $hook;
     }
 
@@ -106,7 +117,7 @@ trait Testable
         }
 
         self::$__afterAll = (self::$__afterAll instanceof Closure)
-            ? ChainableClosure::fromStatic(self::$__afterAll, $hook)
+            ? ChainableClosure::boundStatically(self::$__afterAll, $hook)
             : $hook;
     }
 
@@ -136,7 +147,7 @@ trait Testable
         }
 
         $this->{$property} = ($this->{$property} instanceof Closure)
-            ? ChainableClosure::from($this->{$property}, $hook)
+            ? ChainableClosure::bound($this->{$property}, $hook)
             : $hook;
     }
 
@@ -150,7 +161,7 @@ trait Testable
         $beforeAll = TestSuite::getInstance()->beforeAll->get(self::$__filename);
 
         if (self::$__beforeAll instanceof Closure) {
-            $beforeAll = ChainableClosure::fromStatic(self::$__beforeAll, $beforeAll);
+            $beforeAll = ChainableClosure::boundStatically(self::$__beforeAll, $beforeAll);
         }
 
         call_user_func(Closure::bind($beforeAll, null, self::class));
@@ -164,7 +175,7 @@ trait Testable
         $afterAll = TestSuite::getInstance()->afterAll->get(self::$__filename);
 
         if (self::$__afterAll instanceof Closure) {
-            $afterAll = ChainableClosure::fromStatic(self::$__afterAll, $afterAll);
+            $afterAll = ChainableClosure::boundStatically(self::$__afterAll, $afterAll);
         }
 
         call_user_func(Closure::bind($afterAll, null, self::class));
@@ -179,12 +190,33 @@ trait Testable
     {
         TestSuite::getInstance()->test = $this;
 
+        $method = TestSuite::getInstance()->tests->get(self::$__filename)->getMethod($this->name());
+
+        $description = $this->dataName() ? $method->description.' with '.$this->dataName() : $method->description;
+
+        if ($method->repetitions > 1) {
+            $matches = [];
+            preg_match('/\((.*?)\)/', $description, $matches);
+
+            if (count($matches) > 1) {
+                if (str_contains($description, 'with '.$matches[0].' /')) {
+                    $description = str_replace('with '.$matches[0].' /', '', $description);
+                } else {
+                    $description = str_replace('with '.$matches[0], '', $description);
+                }
+            }
+
+            $description .= ' @ repetition '.($matches[1].' of '.$method->repetitions);
+        }
+
+        $this->__description = self::$__latestDescription = $description;
+
         parent::setUp();
 
         $beforeEach = TestSuite::getInstance()->beforeEach->get(self::$__filename)[1];
 
         if ($this->__beforeEach instanceof Closure) {
-            $beforeEach = ChainableClosure::from($this->__beforeEach, $beforeEach);
+            $beforeEach = ChainableClosure::bound($this->__beforeEach, $beforeEach);
         }
 
         $this->__callClosure($beforeEach, func_get_args());
@@ -198,7 +230,7 @@ trait Testable
         $afterEach = TestSuite::getInstance()->afterEach->get(self::$__filename);
 
         if ($this->__afterEach instanceof Closure) {
-            $afterEach = ChainableClosure::from($this->__afterEach, $afterEach);
+            $afterEach = ChainableClosure::bound($this->__afterEach, $afterEach);
         }
 
         $this->__callClosure($afterEach, func_get_args());
@@ -230,7 +262,9 @@ trait Testable
     {
         $method = TestSuite::getInstance()->tests->get(self::$__filename)->getMethod($this->name());
 
-        $this->__description = self::$__latestDescription = $this->dataName() ? $method->description.' with '.$this->dataName() : $method->description;
+        if ($method->repetitions > 1) {
+            array_shift($arguments);
+        }
 
         $underlyingTest = Reflection::getFunctionVariable($this->__test, 'closure');
         $testParameterTypes = array_values(Reflection::getFunctionArguments($underlyingTest));
@@ -302,6 +336,24 @@ trait Testable
         return ExceptionTrace::ensure(fn (): mixed => call_user_func_array(Closure::bind($closure, $this, $this::class), $arguments));
     }
 
+    /** @postCondition */
+    protected function __MarkTestIncompleteIfSnapshotHaveChanged(): void
+    {
+        if (count($this->__snapshotChanges) === 0) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        if (count($this->__snapshotChanges) === 1) {
+            $this->markTestIncomplete($this->__snapshotChanges[0]);
+
+            return;
+        }
+
+        $messages = implode(PHP_EOL, array_map(static fn (string $message): string => '- $message', $this->__snapshotChanges));
+
+        $this->markTestIncomplete($messages);
+    }
+
     /**
      * The printable test case name.
      */

src/Exceptions/AfterAllWithinDescribe.php

@@ -12,13 +12,13 @@ use Symfony\Component\Console\Exception\ExceptionInterface;
 /**
  * @internal
  */
-final class BeforeEachAlreadyExist extends InvalidArgumentException implements ExceptionInterface, RenderlessEditor, RenderlessTrace
+final class AfterAllWithinDescribe extends InvalidArgumentException implements ExceptionInterface, RenderlessEditor, RenderlessTrace
 {
     /**
      * Creates a new Exception instance.
      */
     public function __construct(string $filename)
     {
-        parent::__construct(sprintf('The beforeEach already exists in the filename `%s`.', $filename));
+        parent::__construct(sprintf('The afterAll method can not be used within describe functions. Filename `%s`.', $filename));
     }
 }

src/Exceptions/BeforeAllAlreadyExist.php

@@ -12,13 +12,13 @@ use Symfony\Component\Console\Exception\ExceptionInterface;
 /**
  * @internal
  */
-final class AfterEachAlreadyExist extends InvalidArgumentException implements ExceptionInterface, RenderlessEditor, RenderlessTrace
+final class BeforeAllAlreadyExist extends InvalidArgumentException implements ExceptionInterface, RenderlessEditor, RenderlessTrace
 {
     /**
      * Creates a new Exception instance.
      */
     public function __construct(string $filename)
     {
-        parent::__construct(sprintf('The afterEach already exists in the filename `%s`.', $filename));
+        parent::__construct(sprintf('The beforeAll already exists in the filename `%s`.', $filename));
     }
 }

src/Exceptions/BeforeAllWithinDescribe.php

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace Pest\Exceptions;
+
+use InvalidArgumentException;
+use NunoMaduro\Collision\Contracts\RenderlessEditor;
+use NunoMaduro\Collision\Contracts\RenderlessTrace;
+use Symfony\Component\Console\Exception\ExceptionInterface;
+
+/**
+ * @internal
+ */
+final class BeforeAllWithinDescribe extends InvalidArgumentException implements ExceptionInterface, RenderlessEditor, RenderlessTrace
+{
+    /**
+     * Creates a new Exception instance.
+     */
+    public function __construct(string $filename)
+    {
+        parent::__construct(sprintf('The beforeAll method can not be used within describe functions. Filename `%s`.', $filename));
+    }
+}

src/Exceptions/InvalidArgumentException.php

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace Pest\Exceptions;
+
+use InvalidArgumentException as BaseInvalidArgumentException;
+use NunoMaduro\Collision\Contracts\RenderlessEditor;
+use NunoMaduro\Collision\Contracts\RenderlessTrace;
+use Symfony\Component\Console\Exception\ExceptionInterface;
+
+/**
+ * @internal
+ */
+final class InvalidArgumentException extends BaseInvalidArgumentException implements ExceptionInterface, RenderlessEditor, RenderlessTrace
+{
+    /**
+     * Creates a new Exception instance.
+     */
+    public function __construct(string $message)
+    {
+        parent::__construct($message, 1);
+    }
+}

src/Expectation.php

@@ -7,12 +7,15 @@ namespace Pest;
 use BadMethodCallException;
 use Closure;
 use Pest\Arch\Contracts\ArchExpectation;
+use Pest\Arch\Expectations\Targeted;
 use Pest\Arch\Expectations\ToBeUsedIn;
 use Pest\Arch\Expectations\ToBeUsedInNothing;
 use Pest\Arch\Expectations\ToOnlyBeUsedIn;
 use Pest\Arch\Expectations\ToOnlyUse;
 use Pest\Arch\Expectations\ToUse;
 use Pest\Arch\Expectations\ToUseNothing;
+use Pest\Arch\PendingArchExpectation;
+use Pest\Arch\Support\FileLineFinder;
 use Pest\Concerns\Extendable;
 use Pest\Concerns\Pipeable;
 use Pest\Concerns\Retrievable;
@@ -24,6 +27,7 @@ use Pest\Expectations\HigherOrderExpectation;
 use Pest\Expectations\OppositeExpectation;
 use Pest\Matchers\Any;
 use Pest\Support\ExpectationPipeline;
+use PHPUnit\Architecture\Elements\ObjectDescription;
 use PHPUnit\Framework\Assert;
 use PHPUnit\Framework\ExpectationFailedException;
 
@@ -34,8 +38,13 @@ use PHPUnit\Framework\ExpectationFailedException;
  *
  * @property OppositeExpectation $not Creates the opposite expectation.
  * @property EachExpectation $each Creates an expectation on each element on the traversable value.
+ * @property PendingArchExpectation $classes
+ * @property PendingArchExpectation $traits
+ * @property PendingArchExpectation $interfaces
+ * @property PendingArchExpectation $enums
  *
  * @mixin Mixins\Expectation<TValue>
+ * @mixin PendingArchExpectation
  */
 final class Expectation
 {
@@ -118,6 +127,40 @@ final class Expectation
         exit(1);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Dump the expectation value when the result of the condition is truthy.
+     *
+     * @param  (\Closure(TValue): bool)|bool  $condition
+     * @return self<TValue>
+     */
+    public function ddWhen(Closure|bool $condition, mixed ...$arguments): Expectation
+    {
+        $condition = $condition instanceof Closure ? $condition($this->value) : $condition;
+
+        if (! $condition) {
+            return $this;
+        }
+
+        $this->dd(...$arguments);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Dump the expectation value when the result of the condition is falsy.
+     *
+     * @param  (\Closure(TValue): bool)|bool  $condition
+     * @return self<TValue>
+     */
+    public function ddUnless(Closure|bool $condition, mixed ...$arguments): Expectation
+    {
+        $condition = $condition instanceof Closure ? $condition($this->value) : $condition;
+
+        if ($condition) {
+            return $this;
+        }
+
+        $this->dd(...$arguments);
+    }
+
     /**
      * Send the expectation value to Ray along with all given arguments.
      *
@@ -287,9 +330,23 @@ final class Expectation
      * @param  array<int, mixed>  $parameters
      * @return Expectation<TValue>|HigherOrderExpectation<Expectation<TValue>, TValue>
      */
-    public function __call(string $method, array $parameters): Expectation|HigherOrderExpectation
+    public function __call(string $method, array $parameters): Expectation|HigherOrderExpectation|PendingArchExpectation
     {
         if (! self::hasMethod($method)) {
+            if (! is_object($this->value) && method_exists(PendingArchExpectation::class, $method)) {
+                $pendingArchExpectation = new PendingArchExpectation($this, []);
+
+                return $pendingArchExpectation->$method(...$parameters); // @phpstan-ignore-line
+            }
+
+            if (! is_object($this->value)) {
+                throw new BadMethodCallException(sprintf(
+                    'Method "%s" does not exist in %s.',
+                    $method,
+                    gettype($this->value)
+                ));
+            }
+
             /* @phpstan-ignore-next-line */
             return new HigherOrderExpectation($this, call_user_func_array($this->value->$method(...), $parameters));
         }
@@ -333,6 +390,11 @@ final class Expectation
     public function __get(string $name)
     {
         if (! self::hasMethod($name)) {
+            if (! is_object($this->value) && method_exists(PendingArchExpectation::class, $name)) {
+                /* @phpstan-ignore-next-line */
+                return $this->{$name}();
+            }
+
             /* @phpstan-ignore-next-line */
             return new HigherOrderExpectation($this, $this->retrieve($name, $this->value));
         }
@@ -369,6 +431,252 @@ final class Expectation
         return ToUse::make($this, $targets);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the given expectation target use the "declare(strict_types=1)" declaration.
+     */
+    public function toUseStrictTypes(): ArchExpectation
+    {
+        return Targeted::make(
+            $this,
+            fn (ObjectDescription $object): bool => str_contains((string) file_get_contents($object->path), 'declare(strict_types=1);'),
+            'to use strict types',
+            FileLineFinder::where(fn (string $line): bool => str_contains($line, '<?php')),
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the given expectation target is final.
+     */
+    public function toBeFinal(): ArchExpectation
+    {
+        return Targeted::make(
+            $this,
+            fn (ObjectDescription $object): bool => ! enum_exists($object->name) && $object->reflectionClass->isFinal(),
+            'to be final',
+            FileLineFinder::where(fn (string $line): bool => str_contains($line, 'class')),
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the given expectation target is readonly.
+     */
+    public function toBeReadonly(): ArchExpectation
+    {
+        return Targeted::make(
+            $this,
+            fn (ObjectDescription $object): bool => ! enum_exists($object->name) && $object->reflectionClass->isReadOnly() && assert(true), // @phpstan-ignore-line
+            'to be readonly',
+            FileLineFinder::where(fn (string $line): bool => str_contains($line, 'class')),
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the given expectation target is trait.
+     */
+    public function toBeTrait(): ArchExpectation
+    {
+        return Targeted::make(
+            $this,
+            fn (ObjectDescription $object): bool => $object->reflectionClass->isTrait(),
+            'to be trait',
+            FileLineFinder::where(fn (string $line): bool => str_contains($line, 'class')),
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the given expectation targets are traits.
+     */
+    public function toBeTraits(): ArchExpectation
+    {
+        return $this->toBeTrait();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the given expectation target is abstract.
+     */
+    public function toBeAbstract(): ArchExpectation
+    {
+        return Targeted::make(
+            $this,
+            fn (ObjectDescription $object): bool => $object->reflectionClass->isAbstract(),
+            'to be abstract',
+            FileLineFinder::where(fn (string $line): bool => str_contains($line, 'class')),
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the given expectation target is enum.
+     */
+    public function toBeEnum(): ArchExpectation
+    {
+        return Targeted::make(
+            $this,
+            fn (ObjectDescription $object): bool => $object->reflectionClass->isEnum(),
+            'to be enum',
+            FileLineFinder::where(fn (string $line): bool => str_contains($line, 'class')),
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the given expectation targets are enums.
+     */
+    public function toBeEnums(): ArchExpectation
+    {
+        return $this->toBeEnum();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the given expectation targets is an class.
+     */
+    public function toBeClass(): ArchExpectation
+    {
+        return Targeted::make(
+            $this,
+            fn (ObjectDescription $object): bool => class_exists($object->name) && ! enum_exists($object->name),
+            'to be class',
+            FileLineFinder::where(fn (string $line): bool => true),
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the given expectation targets are classes.
+     */
+    public function toBeClasses(): ArchExpectation
+    {
+        return $this->toBeClass();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the given expectation target is interface.
+     */
+    public function toBeInterface(): ArchExpectation
+    {
+        return Targeted::make(
+            $this,
+            fn (ObjectDescription $object): bool => $object->reflectionClass->isInterface(),
+            'to be interface',
+            FileLineFinder::where(fn (string $line): bool => str_contains($line, 'class')),
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the given expectation targets are interfaces.
+     */
+    public function toBeInterfaces(): ArchExpectation
+    {
+        return $this->toBeInterface();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the given expectation target to be subclass of the given class.
+     *
+     * @param  class-string  $class
+     */
+    public function toExtend(string $class): ArchExpectation
+    {
+        return Targeted::make(
+            $this,
+            fn (ObjectDescription $object): bool => $class === $object->reflectionClass->getName() || $object->reflectionClass->isSubclassOf($class),
+            sprintf("to extend '%s'", $class),
+            FileLineFinder::where(fn (string $line): bool => str_contains($line, 'class')),
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the given expectation target to be have a parent class.
+     */
+    public function toExtendNothing(): ArchExpectation
+    {
+        return Targeted::make(
+            $this,
+            fn (ObjectDescription $object): bool => $object->reflectionClass->getParentClass() === false,
+            'to extend nothing',
+            FileLineFinder::where(fn (string $line): bool => str_contains($line, 'class')),
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the given expectation target to not implement any interfaces.
+     */
+    public function toImplementNothing(): ArchExpectation
+    {
+        return Targeted::make(
+            $this,
+            fn (ObjectDescription $object): bool => $object->reflectionClass->getInterfaceNames() === [],
+            'to implement nothing',
+            FileLineFinder::where(fn (string $line): bool => str_contains($line, 'class')),
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the given expectation target to only implement the given interfaces.
+     *
+     * @param  array<int, class-string>|class-string  $interfaces
+     */
+    public function toOnlyImplement(array|string $interfaces): ArchExpectation
+    {
+        $interfaces = is_array($interfaces) ? $interfaces : [$interfaces];
+
+        return Targeted::make(
+            $this,
+            fn (ObjectDescription $object): bool => count($interfaces) === count($object->reflectionClass->getInterfaceNames())
+                && array_diff($interfaces, $object->reflectionClass->getInterfaceNames()) === [],
+            "to only implement '".implode("', '", $interfaces)."'",
+            FileLineFinder::where(fn (string $line): bool => str_contains($line, 'class')),
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the given expectation target to have the given prefix.
+     */
+    public function toHavePrefix(string $prefix): ArchExpectation
+    {
+        return Targeted::make(
+            $this,
+            fn (ObjectDescription $object): bool => str_starts_with($object->reflectionClass->getShortName(), $prefix),
+            "to have prefix '{$prefix}'",
+            FileLineFinder::where(fn (string $line): bool => str_contains($line, 'class')),
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the given expectation target to have the given suffix.
+     */
+    public function toHaveSuffix(string $suffix): ArchExpectation
+    {
+        return Targeted::make(
+            $this,
+            fn (ObjectDescription $object): bool => str_ends_with($object->reflectionClass->getName(), $suffix),
+            "to have suffix '{$suffix}'",
+            FileLineFinder::where(fn (string $line): bool => str_contains($line, 'class')),
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the given expectation target to implement the given interfaces.
+     *
+     * @param  array<int, class-string>|class-string  $interfaces
+     */
+    public function toImplement(array|string $interfaces): ArchExpectation
+    {
+        $interfaces = is_array($interfaces) ? $interfaces : [$interfaces];
+
+        return Targeted::make(
+            $this,
+            function (ObjectDescription $object) use ($interfaces): bool {
+                foreach ($interfaces as $interface) {
+                    if (! $object->reflectionClass->implementsInterface($interface)) {
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                return true;
+            },
+            "to implement '".implode("', '", $interfaces)."'",
+            FileLineFinder::where(fn (string $line): bool => str_contains($line, 'class')),
+        );
+    }
+
     /**
      * Asserts that the given expectation target "only" use on the given dependencies.
      *
@@ -419,4 +727,17 @@ final class Expectation
     {
         return ToBeUsedInNothing::make($this);
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the given expectation dependency is an invokable class.
+     */
+    public function toBeInvokable(): ArchExpectation
+    {
+        return Targeted::make(
+            $this,
+            fn (ObjectDescription $object): bool => $object->reflectionClass->hasMethod('__invoke'),
+            'to be invokable',
+            FileLineFinder::where(fn (string $line): bool => str_contains($line, 'class'))
+        );
+    }
 }

src/Expectations/OppositeExpectation.php

@@ -5,15 +5,20 @@ declare(strict_types=1);
 namespace Pest\Expectations;
 
 use Pest\Arch\Contracts\ArchExpectation;
+use Pest\Arch\Expectations\Targeted;
 use Pest\Arch\Expectations\ToBeUsedIn;
 use Pest\Arch\Expectations\ToBeUsedInNothing;
 use Pest\Arch\Expectations\ToUse;
 use Pest\Arch\GroupArchExpectation;
+use Pest\Arch\PendingArchExpectation;
 use Pest\Arch\SingleArchExpectation;
+use Pest\Arch\Support\FileLineFinder;
 use Pest\Exceptions\InvalidExpectation;
 use Pest\Expectation;
 use Pest\Support\Arr;
 use Pest\Support\Exporter;
+use PHPUnit\Architecture\Elements\ObjectDescription;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\AssertionFailedError;
 use PHPUnit\Framework\ExpectationFailedException;
 
 /**
@@ -72,6 +77,246 @@ final class OppositeExpectation
     }
 
     /**
+     * Asserts that the given expectation target does not use the "declare(strict_types=1)" declaration.
+     */
+    public function toUseStrictTypes(): ArchExpectation
+    {
+        return Targeted::make(
+            $this->original,
+            fn (ObjectDescription $object): bool => ! str_contains((string) file_get_contents($object->path), 'declare(strict_types=1);'),
+            'not to use strict types',
+            FileLineFinder::where(fn (string $line): bool => str_contains($line, '<?php')),
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the given expectation target is not final.
+     */
+    public function toBeFinal(): ArchExpectation
+    {
+        return Targeted::make(
+            $this->original,
+            fn (ObjectDescription $object): bool => ! enum_exists($object->name) && ! $object->reflectionClass->isFinal(),
+            'not to be final',
+            FileLineFinder::where(fn (string $line): bool => str_contains($line, 'class')),
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the given expectation target is not readonly.
+     */
+    public function toBeReadonly(): ArchExpectation
+    {
+        return Targeted::make(
+            $this->original,
+            fn (ObjectDescription $object): bool => ! enum_exists($object->name) && ! $object->reflectionClass->isReadOnly() && assert(true), // @phpstan-ignore-line
+            'not to be readonly',
+            FileLineFinder::where(fn (string $line): bool => str_contains($line, 'class')),
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the given expectation target is not trait.
+     */
+    public function toBeTrait(): ArchExpectation
+    {
+        return Targeted::make(
+            $this->original,
+            fn (ObjectDescription $object): bool => ! $object->reflectionClass->isTrait(),
+            'not to be trait',
+            FileLineFinder::where(fn (string $line): bool => str_contains($line, 'class')),
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the given expectation targets are not traits.
+     */
+    public function toBeTraits(): ArchExpectation
+    {
+        return $this->toBeTrait();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the given expectation target is not abstract.
+     */
+    public function toBeAbstract(): ArchExpectation
+    {
+        return Targeted::make(
+            $this->original,
+            fn (ObjectDescription $object): bool => ! $object->reflectionClass->isAbstract(),
+            'not to be abstract',
+            FileLineFinder::where(fn (string $line): bool => str_contains($line, 'class')),
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the given expectation target is not enum.
+     */
+    public function toBeEnum(): ArchExpectation
+    {
+        return Targeted::make(
+            $this->original,
+            fn (ObjectDescription $object): bool => ! $object->reflectionClass->isEnum(),
+            'not to be enum',
+            FileLineFinder::where(fn (string $line): bool => str_contains($line, 'class')),
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the given expectation targets are not enums.
+     */
+    public function toBeEnums(): ArchExpectation
+    {
+        return $this->toBeEnum();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the given expectation targets is an class.
+     */
+    public function toBeClass(): ArchExpectation
+    {
+        return Targeted::make(
+            $this->original,
+            fn (ObjectDescription $object): bool => ! class_exists($object->name),
+            'not to be class',
+            FileLineFinder::where(fn (string $line): bool => true),
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the given expectation targets are not classes.
+     */
+    public function toBeClasses(): ArchExpectation
+    {
+        return $this->toBeClass();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the given expectation target is not interface.
+     */
+    public function toBeInterface(): ArchExpectation
+    {
+        return Targeted::make(
+            $this->original,
+            fn (ObjectDescription $object): bool => ! $object->reflectionClass->isInterface(),
+            'not to be interface',
+            FileLineFinder::where(fn (string $line): bool => str_contains($line, 'class')),
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the given expectation targets are not interfaces.
+     */
+    public function toBeInterfaces(): ArchExpectation
+    {
+        return $this->toBeInterface();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the given expectation target to be subclass of the given class.
+     *
+     * @param  class-string  $class
+     */
+    public function toExtend(string $class): ArchExpectation
+    {
+        return Targeted::make(
+            $this->original,
+            fn (ObjectDescription $object): bool => ! $object->reflectionClass->isSubclassOf($class),
+            sprintf("not to extend '%s'", $class),
+            FileLineFinder::where(fn (string $line): bool => str_contains($line, 'class')),
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the given expectation target to be not have any parent class.
+     */
+    public function toExtendNothing(): ArchExpectation
+    {
+        return Targeted::make(
+            $this->original,
+            fn (ObjectDescription $object): bool => $object->reflectionClass->getParentClass() !== false,
+            'to extend a class',
+            FileLineFinder::where(fn (string $line): bool => str_contains($line, 'class')),
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the given expectation target not to implement the given interfaces.
+     *
+     * @param  array<int, class-string>|string  $interfaces
+     */
+    public function toImplement(array|string $interfaces): ArchExpectation
+    {
+        $interfaces = is_array($interfaces) ? $interfaces : [$interfaces];
+
+        return Targeted::make(
+            $this->original,
+            function (ObjectDescription $object) use ($interfaces): bool {
+                foreach ($interfaces as $interface) {
+                    if ($object->reflectionClass->implementsInterface($interface)) {
+                        return false;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                return true;
+            },
+            "not to implement '".implode("', '", $interfaces)."'",
+            FileLineFinder::where(fn (string $line): bool => str_contains($line, 'class')),
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the given expectation target to not implement any interfaces.
+     */
+    public function toImplementNothing(): ArchExpectation
+    {
+        return Targeted::make(
+            $this->original,
+            fn (ObjectDescription $object): bool => $object->reflectionClass->getInterfaceNames() !== [],
+            'to implement an interface',
+            FileLineFinder::where(fn (string $line): bool => str_contains($line, 'class')),
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Not supported.
+     *
+     * @param  array<int, class-string>|string  $interfaces
+     */
+    public function toOnlyImplement(array|string $interfaces): never
+    {
+        throw InvalidExpectation::fromMethods(['not', 'toOnlyImplement']);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the given expectation target to not have the given prefix.
+     */
+    public function toHavePrefix(string $prefix): ArchExpectation
+    {
+        return Targeted::make(
+            $this->original,
+            fn (ObjectDescription $object): bool => ! str_starts_with($object->reflectionClass->getShortName(), $prefix),
+            "not to have prefix '{$prefix}'",
+            FileLineFinder::where(fn (string $line): bool => str_contains($line, 'class')),
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the given expectation target to not have the given suffix.
+     */
+    public function toHaveSuffix(string $suffix): ArchExpectation
+    {
+        return Targeted::make(
+            $this->original,
+            fn (ObjectDescription $object): bool => ! str_ends_with($object->reflectionClass->getName(), $suffix),
+            "not to have suffix '{$suffix}'",
+            FileLineFinder::where(fn (string $line): bool => str_contains($line, 'class')),
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Not supported.
+     *
      * @param  array<int, string>|string  $targets
      */
     public function toOnlyUse(array|string $targets): never
@@ -79,6 +324,9 @@ final class OppositeExpectation
         throw InvalidExpectation::fromMethods(['not', 'toOnlyUse']);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Not supported.
+     */
     public function toUseNothing(): never
     {
         throw InvalidExpectation::fromMethods(['not', 'toUseNothing']);
@@ -117,6 +365,19 @@ final class OppositeExpectation
         throw InvalidExpectation::fromMethods(['not', 'toBeUsedInNothing']);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the given expectation dependency is not an invokable class.
+     */
+    public function toBeInvokable(): ArchExpectation
+    {
+        return Targeted::make(
+            $this->original,
+            fn (ObjectDescription $object): bool => ! $object->reflectionClass->hasMethod('__invoke'),
+            'to not be invokable',
+            FileLineFinder::where(fn (string $line): bool => str_contains($line, 'class'))
+        );
+    }
+
     /**
      * Handle dynamic method calls into the original expectation.
      *
@@ -126,9 +387,13 @@ final class OppositeExpectation
     public function __call(string $name, array $arguments): Expectation
     {
         try {
+            if (! is_object($this->original->value) && method_exists(PendingArchExpectation::class, $name)) {
+                throw InvalidExpectation::fromMethods(['not', $name]);
+            }
+
             /* @phpstan-ignore-next-line */
             $this->original->{$name}(...$arguments);
-        } catch (ExpectationFailedException) {
+        } catch (ExpectationFailedException|AssertionFailedError) {
             return $this->original;
         }
 
@@ -143,8 +408,12 @@ final class OppositeExpectation
     public function __get(string $name): Expectation
     {
         try {
+            if (! is_object($this->original->value) && method_exists(PendingArchExpectation::class, $name)) {
+                throw InvalidExpectation::fromMethods(['not', $name]);
+            }
+
             $this->original->{$name}; // @phpstan-ignore-line
-        } catch (ExpectationFailedException) {  // @phpstan-ignore-line
+        } catch (ExpectationFailedException) {
             return $this->original;
         }
 
@@ -162,8 +431,13 @@ final class OppositeExpectation
 
         $exporter = Exporter::default();
 
-        $toString = fn ($argument): string => $exporter->shortenedExport($argument);
+        $toString = fn (mixed $argument): string => $exporter->shortenedExport($argument);
 
-        throw new ExpectationFailedException(sprintf('Expecting %s not %s %s.', $toString($this->original->value), strtolower((string) preg_replace('/(?<!\ )[A-Z]/', ' $0', $name)), implode(' ', array_map(fn ($argument): string => $toString($argument), $arguments))));
+        throw new ExpectationFailedException(sprintf(
+            'Expecting %s not %s %s.',
+            $toString($this->original->value),
+            strtolower((string) preg_replace('/(?<!\ )[A-Z]/', ' $0', $name)),
+            implode(' ', array_map(fn (mixed $argument): string => $toString($argument), $arguments)),
+        ));
     }
 }

src/Factories/TestCaseFactory.php

@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ final class TestCaseFactory
     {
         if ('\\' === DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR) {
             // In case Windows, strtolower drive name, like in UsesCall.
-            $filename = (string) preg_replace_callback('~^(?P<drive>[a-z]+:\\\)~i', static fn ($match): string => strtolower($match['drive']), $filename);
+            $filename = (string) preg_replace_callback('~^(?P<drive>[a-z]+:\\\)~i', static fn (array $match): string => strtolower($match['drive']), $filename);
         }
 
         $filename = str_replace('\\\\', '\\', addslashes((string) realpath($filename)));
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ final class TestCaseFactory
 
         $hasPrintableTestCaseClassFQN = sprintf('\%s', HasPrintableTestCaseName::class);
         $traitsCode = sprintf('use %s;', implode(', ', array_map(
-            static fn ($trait): string => sprintf('\%s', $trait), $this->traits))
+            static fn (string $trait): string => sprintf('\%s', $trait), $this->traits))
         );
 
         $partsFQN = explode('\\', $classFQN);

src/Factories/TestCaseMethodFactory.php

@@ -22,40 +22,50 @@ final class TestCaseMethodFactory
     use HigherOrderable;
 
     /**
-     * Determines if the Test Case Method is a "todo".
+     * The test's describing, if any.
+     */
+    public ?string $describing = null;
+
+    /**
+     * The test's number of repetitions.
+     */
+    public int $repetitions = 1;
+
+    /**
+     * Determines if the test is a "todo".
      */
     public bool $todo = false;
 
     /**
-     * The Test Case Dataset, if any.
+     * The test's datasets.
      *
      * @var array<Closure|iterable<int|string, mixed>|string>
      */
     public array $datasets = [];
 
     /**
-     * The Test Case depends, if any.
+     * The test's dependencies.
      *
      * @var array<int, string>
      */
     public array $depends = [];
 
     /**
-     * The Test Case groups, if any.
+     * The test's groups.
      *
      * @var array<int, string>
      */
     public array $groups = [];
 
     /**
-     * The covered classes and functions, if any.
+     * The covered classes and functions.
      *
      * @var array<int, \Pest\Factories\Covers\CoversClass|\Pest\Factories\Covers\CoversFunction|\Pest\Factories\Covers\CoversNothing>
      */
     public array $covers = [];
 
     /**
-     * Creates a new Factory instance.
+     * Creates a new test case method factory instance.
      */
     public function __construct(
         public string $filename,
@@ -70,7 +80,7 @@ final class TestCaseMethodFactory
     }
 
     /**
-     * Makes the Test Case classes.
+     * Creates the test's closure.
      */
     public function getClosure(TestCase $concrete): Closure
     {
@@ -135,18 +145,18 @@ final class TestCaseMethodFactory
             $attributes = (new $attribute())->__invoke($this, $attributes);
         }
 
-        if ($this->datasets !== []) {
+        if ($this->datasets !== [] || $this->repetitions > 1) {
             $dataProviderName = $methodName.'_dataset';
             $annotations[] = "@dataProvider $dataProviderName";
             $datasetsCode = $this->buildDatasetForEvaluation($methodName, $dataProviderName);
         }
 
         $annotations = implode('', array_map(
-            static fn ($annotation): string => sprintf("\n     * %s", $annotation), $annotations,
+            static fn (string $annotation): string => sprintf("\n     * %s", $annotation), $annotations,
         ));
 
         $attributes = implode('', array_map(
-            static fn ($attribute): string => sprintf("\n        %s", $attribute), $attributes,
+            static fn (string $attribute): string => sprintf("\n        %s", $attribute), $attributes,
         ));
 
         return <<<PHP
@@ -172,7 +182,13 @@ final class TestCaseMethodFactory
      */
     private function buildDatasetForEvaluation(string $methodName, string $dataProviderName): string
     {
-        DatasetsRepository::with($this->filename, $methodName, $this->datasets);
+        $datasets = $this->datasets;
+
+        if ($this->repetitions > 1) {
+            $datasets = [range(1, $this->repetitions), ...$datasets];
+        }
+
+        DatasetsRepository::with($this->filename, $methodName, $datasets);
 
         return <<<EOF
 

src/Functions.php

@@ -2,9 +2,13 @@
 
 declare(strict_types=1);
 
+use Pest\Concerns\Expectable;
+use Pest\Exceptions\AfterAllWithinDescribe;
+use Pest\Exceptions\BeforeAllWithinDescribe;
 use Pest\Expectation;
 use Pest\PendingCalls\AfterEachCall;
 use Pest\PendingCalls\BeforeEachCall;
+use Pest\PendingCalls\DescribeCall;
 use Pest\PendingCalls\TestCall;
 use Pest\PendingCalls\UsesCall;
 use Pest\Repositories\DatasetsRepository;
@@ -35,6 +39,12 @@ if (! function_exists('beforeAll')) {
      */
     function beforeAll(Closure $closure): void
     {
+        if (! is_null(DescribeCall::describing())) {
+            $filename = Backtrace::file();
+
+            throw new BeforeAllWithinDescribe($filename);
+        }
+
         TestSuite::getInstance()->beforeAll->set($closure);
     }
 }
@@ -43,7 +53,7 @@ if (! function_exists('beforeEach')) {
     /**
      * Runs the given closure before each test in the current file.
      *
-     * @return HigherOrderTapProxy<TestCall|TestCase>|TestCall|TestCase|mixed
+     * @return HigherOrderTapProxy<Expectable|TestCall|TestCase>|Expectable|TestCall|TestCase|mixed
      */
     function beforeEach(Closure $closure = null): BeforeEachCall
     {
@@ -67,6 +77,22 @@ if (! function_exists('dataset')) {
     }
 }
 
+if (! function_exists('describe')) {
+    /**
+     * Adds the given closure as a group of tests. The first argument
+     * is the group description; the second argument is a closure
+     * that contains the group tests.
+     *
+     * @return HigherOrderTapProxy<Expectable|TestCall|TestCase>|Expectable|TestCall|TestCase|mixed
+     */
+    function describe(string $description, Closure $tests): DescribeCall
+    {
+        $filename = Backtrace::testFile();
+
+        return new DescribeCall(TestSuite::getInstance(), $filename, $description, $tests);
+    }
+}
+
 if (! function_exists('uses')) {
     /**
      * The uses function binds the given
@@ -88,7 +114,7 @@ if (! function_exists('test')) {
      * is the test description; the second argument is
      * a closure that contains the test expectations.
      *
-     * @return TestCall|TestCase|mixed
+     * @return Expectable|TestCall|TestCase|mixed
      */
     function test(string $description = null, Closure $closure = null): HigherOrderTapProxy|TestCall
     {
@@ -108,7 +134,7 @@ if (! function_exists('it')) {
      * is the test description; the second argument is
      * a closure that contains the test expectations.
      *
-     * @return TestCall|TestCase|mixed
+     * @return Expectable|TestCall|TestCase|mixed
      */
     function it(string $description, Closure $closure = null): TestCall
     {
@@ -127,7 +153,7 @@ if (! function_exists('todo')) {
      * is marked as incomplete. Yet, Collision, Pest's
      * printer, will display it as a "todo" test.
      *
-     * @return TestCall|TestCase|mixed
+     * @return Expectable|TestCall|TestCase|mixed
      */
     function todo(string $description): TestCall
     {
@@ -143,7 +169,7 @@ if (! function_exists('afterEach')) {
     /**
      * Runs the given closure after each test in the current file.
      *
-     * @return HigherOrderTapProxy<TestCall|TestCase>|TestCall|mixed
+     * @return Expectable|HigherOrderTapProxy<Expectable|TestCall|TestCase>|TestCall|mixed
      */
     function afterEach(Closure $closure = null): AfterEachCall
     {
@@ -159,6 +185,12 @@ if (! function_exists('afterAll')) {
      */
     function afterAll(Closure $closure): void
     {
+        if (! is_null(DescribeCall::describing())) {
+            $filename = Backtrace::file();
+
+            throw new AfterAllWithinDescribe($filename);
+        }
+
         TestSuite::getInstance()->afterAll->set($closure);
     }
 }

src/Mixins/Expectation.php

@@ -9,17 +9,21 @@ use Closure;
 use DateTimeInterface;
 use Error;
 use InvalidArgumentException;
+use JsonSerializable;
 use Pest\Exceptions\InvalidExpectationValue;
 use Pest\Matchers\Any;
 use Pest\Support\Arr;
 use Pest\Support\Exporter;
 use Pest\Support\NullClosure;
+use Pest\TestSuite;
 use PHPUnit\Framework\Assert;
 use PHPUnit\Framework\Constraint\Constraint;
 use PHPUnit\Framework\ExpectationFailedException;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
 use ReflectionFunction;
 use ReflectionNamedType;
 use Throwable;
+use Traversable;
 
 /**
  * @internal
@@ -794,6 +798,48 @@ final class Expectation
         return $this;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the value "stringable" matches the given snapshot..
+     *
+     * @return self<TValue>
+     */
+    public function toMatchSnapshot(string $message = ''): self
+    {
+        $snapshots = TestSuite::getInstance()->snapshots;
+        $snapshots->startNewExpectation();
+
+        $testCase = TestSuite::getInstance()->test;
+        assert($testCase instanceof TestCase);
+
+        $string = match (true) {
+            is_string($this->value) => $this->value,
+            is_object($this->value) && method_exists($this->value, '__toString') => $this->value->__toString(),
+            is_object($this->value) && method_exists($this->value, 'toString') => $this->value->toString(),
+            $this->value instanceof \Illuminate\Testing\TestResponse => $this->value->getContent(), // @phpstan-ignore-line
+            is_array($this->value) => json_encode($this->value, JSON_THROW_ON_ERROR | JSON_PRETTY_PRINT),
+            $this->value instanceof Traversable => json_encode(iterator_to_array($this->value), JSON_THROW_ON_ERROR | JSON_PRETTY_PRINT),
+            $this->value instanceof JsonSerializable => json_encode($this->value->jsonSerialize(), JSON_THROW_ON_ERROR | JSON_PRETTY_PRINT),
+            is_object($this->value) && method_exists($this->value, 'toArray') => json_encode($this->value->toArray(), JSON_THROW_ON_ERROR | JSON_PRETTY_PRINT),
+            default => InvalidExpectationValue::expected('array|object|string'),
+        };
+
+        if ($snapshots->has()) {
+            [$filename, $content] = $snapshots->get();
+
+            Assert::assertSame(
+                strtr($content, ["\r\n" => "\n", "\r" => "\n"]),
+                strtr($string, ["\r\n" => "\n", "\r" => "\n"]),
+                $message === '' ? "Failed asserting that the string value matches its snapshot ($filename)." : $message
+            );
+        } else {
+            $filename = $snapshots->save($string);
+
+            TestSuite::getInstance()->registerSnapshotChange("Snapshot created at [$filename]");
+        }
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Asserts that the value matches a regular expression.
      *

src/PendingCalls/AfterEachCall.php

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ declare(strict_types=1);
 namespace Pest\PendingCalls;
 
 use Closure;
+use Pest\PendingCalls\Concerns\Describable;
 use Pest\Support\Backtrace;
 use Pest\Support\ChainableClosure;
 use Pest\Support\HigherOrderMessageCollection;
@@ -16,6 +17,8 @@ use Pest\TestSuite;
  */
 final class AfterEachCall
 {
+    use Describable;
+
     /**
      * The "afterEach" closure.
      */
@@ -37,6 +40,8 @@ final class AfterEachCall
         $this->closure = $closure instanceof Closure ? $closure : NullClosure::create();
 
         $this->proxies = new HigherOrderMessageCollection();
+
+        $this->describing = DescribeCall::describing();
     }
 
     /**
@@ -44,14 +49,23 @@ final class AfterEachCall
      */
     public function __destruct()
     {
+        $describing = $this->describing;
+
         $proxies = $this->proxies;
 
+        $afterEachTestCase = ChainableClosure::boundWhen(
+            fn (): bool => is_null($describing) || $this->__describing === $describing, // @phpstan-ignore-line
+            ChainableClosure::bound(fn () => $proxies->chain($this), $this->closure)->bindTo($this, self::class), // @phpstan-ignore-line
+        )->bindTo($this, self::class);
+
+        assert($afterEachTestCase instanceof Closure);
+
         $this->testSuite->afterEach->set(
             $this->filename,
-            ChainableClosure::from(function () use ($proxies): void {
-                $proxies->chain($this);
-            }, $this->closure)
+            $this,
+            $afterEachTestCase,
         );
+
     }
 
     /**

src/PendingCalls/BeforeEachCall.php

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ declare(strict_types=1);
 namespace Pest\PendingCalls;
 
 use Closure;
+use Pest\PendingCalls\Concerns\Describable;
 use Pest\Support\Backtrace;
 use Pest\Support\ChainableClosure;
 use Pest\Support\HigherOrderMessageCollection;
@@ -16,6 +17,8 @@ use Pest\TestSuite;
  */
 final class BeforeEachCall
 {
+    use Describable;
+
     /**
      * Holds the before each closure.
      */
@@ -35,7 +38,7 @@ final class BeforeEachCall
      * Creates a new Pending Call.
      */
     public function __construct(
-        private readonly TestSuite $testSuite,
+        public readonly TestSuite $testSuite,
         private readonly string $filename,
         Closure $closure = null
     ) {
@@ -43,6 +46,8 @@ final class BeforeEachCall
 
         $this->testCallProxies = new HigherOrderMessageCollection();
         $this->testCaseProxies = new HigherOrderMessageCollection();
+
+        $this->describing = DescribeCall::describing();
     }
 
     /**
@@ -50,16 +55,31 @@ final class BeforeEachCall
      */
     public function __destruct()
     {
+        $describing = $this->describing;
         $testCaseProxies = $this->testCaseProxies;
 
+        $beforeEachTestCall = function (TestCall $testCall) use ($describing): void {
+            if ($describing !== $this->describing) {
+                return;
+            }
+            if ($describing !== $testCall->describing) {
+                return;
+            }
+            $this->testCallProxies->chain($testCall);
+        };
+
+        $beforeEachTestCase = ChainableClosure::boundWhen(
+            fn (): bool => is_null($describing) || $this->__describing === $describing,  // @phpstan-ignore-line
+            ChainableClosure::bound(fn () => $testCaseProxies->chain($this), $this->closure)->bindTo($this, self::class), // @phpstan-ignore-line
+        )->bindTo($this, self::class);
+
+        assert($beforeEachTestCase instanceof Closure);
+
         $this->testSuite->beforeEach->set(
             $this->filename,
-            function (TestCall $testCall): void {
-                $this->testCallProxies->chain($testCall);
-            },
-            ChainableClosure::from(function () use ($testCaseProxies): void {
-                $testCaseProxies->chain($this);
-            }, $this->closure),
+            $this,
+            $beforeEachTestCall,
+            $beforeEachTestCase,
         );
     }
 

src/PendingCalls/Concerns/Describable.php

@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace Pest\PendingCalls\Concerns;
+
+/**
+ * @internal
+ */
+trait Describable
+{
+    public ?string $describing = null;
+}

src/PendingCalls/DescribeCall.php

@@ -0,0 +1,70 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace Pest\PendingCalls;
+
+use Closure;
+use Pest\Support\Backtrace;
+use Pest\TestSuite;
+
+/**
+ * @internal
+ */
+final class DescribeCall
+{
+    /**
+     * The current describe call.
+     */
+    private static ?string $describing = null;
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a new Pending Call.
+     */
+    public function __construct(
+        public readonly TestSuite $testSuite,
+        public readonly string $filename,
+        public readonly string $description,
+        public readonly Closure $tests
+    ) {
+        //
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * What is the current describing.
+     */
+    public static function describing(): ?string
+    {
+        return self::$describing;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Creates the Call.
+     */
+    public function __destruct()
+    {
+        self::$describing = $this->description;
+
+        try {
+            ($this->tests)();
+        } finally {
+            self::$describing = null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Dynamically calls methods on each test call.
+     *
+     * @param  array<int, mixed>  $arguments
+     */
+    public function __call(string $name, array $arguments): BeforeEachCall
+    {
+        $filename = Backtrace::file();
+
+        $beforeEachCall = new BeforeEachCall(TestSuite::getInstance(), $filename);
+
+        $beforeEachCall->describing = $this->description;
+
+        return $beforeEachCall->{$name}(...$arguments); // @phpstan-ignore-line
+    }
+}

src/PendingCalls/TestCall.php

@@ -5,11 +5,12 @@ declare(strict_types=1);
 namespace Pest\PendingCalls;
 
 use Closure;
-use InvalidArgumentException;
+use Pest\Exceptions\InvalidArgumentException;
 use Pest\Factories\Covers\CoversClass;
 use Pest\Factories\Covers\CoversFunction;
 use Pest\Factories\Covers\CoversNothing;
 use Pest\Factories\TestCaseMethodFactory;
+use Pest\PendingCalls\Concerns\Describable;
 use Pest\Plugins\Only;
 use Pest\Support\Backtrace;
 use Pest\Support\Exporter;
@@ -25,10 +26,12 @@ use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
  */
 final class TestCall
 {
+    use Describable;
+
     /**
      * The Test Case Factory.
      */
-    private readonly TestCaseMethodFactory $testCaseMethod;
+    public readonly TestCaseMethodFactory $testCaseMethod;
 
     /**
      * If test call is descriptionLess.
@@ -48,7 +51,9 @@ final class TestCall
 
         $this->descriptionLess = $description === null;
 
-        $this->testSuite->beforeEach->get($filename)[0]($this);
+        $this->describing = DescribeCall::describing();
+
+        $this->testSuite->beforeEach->get($this->filename)[0]($this);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -209,6 +214,20 @@ final class TestCall
             : $this;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Repeats the current test the given number of times.
+     */
+    public function repeat(int $times): self
+    {
+        if ($times < 1) {
+            throw new InvalidArgumentException('The number of repetitions must be greater than 0.');
+        }
+
+        $this->testCaseMethod->repetitions = $times;
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Sets the test as "todo".
      */
@@ -316,12 +335,14 @@ final class TestCall
     private function addChain(string $file, int $line, string $name, array $arguments = null): self
     {
         $exporter = Exporter::default();
+
         $this->testCaseMethod
             ->chains
             ->add($file, $line, $name, $arguments);
 
         if ($this->descriptionLess) {
             Exporter::default();
+
             if ($this->testCaseMethod->description !== null) {
                 $this->testCaseMethod->description .= ' → ';
             }
@@ -338,6 +359,11 @@ final class TestCall
      */
     public function __destruct()
     {
+        if (! is_null($this->describing)) {
+            $this->testCaseMethod->describing = $this->describing;
+            $this->testCaseMethod->description = sprintf('`%s` → %s', $this->describing, $this->testCaseMethod->description);
+        }
+
         $this->testSuite->tests->set($this->testCaseMethod);
     }
 }

src/PendingCalls/UsesCall.php

@@ -66,11 +66,11 @@ final class UsesCall
      */
     public function in(string ...$targets): void
     {
-        $targets = array_map(function ($path): string {
+        $targets = array_map(function (string $path): string {
             $startChar = DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR;
 
             if ('\\' === DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR || preg_match('~\A[A-Z]:(?![^/\\\\])~i', $path) > 0) {
-                $path = (string) preg_replace_callback('~^(?P<drive>[a-z]+:\\\)~i', fn ($match): string => strtolower($match['drive']), $path);
+                $path = (string) preg_replace_callback('~^(?P<drive>[a-z]+:\\\)~i', fn (array $match): string => strtolower($match['drive']), $path);
 
                 $startChar = strtolower((string) preg_replace('~^([a-z]+:\\\).*$~i', '$1', __DIR__));
             }

src/Pest.php

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ namespace Pest;
 
 function version(): string
 {
-    return '2.8.3';
+    return '2.13.0';
 }
 
 function testDirectory(string $file = ''): string

src/Plugins/Concerns/HandleArguments.php

@@ -44,6 +44,6 @@ trait HandleArguments
 
         unset($arguments[$argument]);
 
-        return array_flip($arguments);
+        return array_values(array_flip($arguments));
     }
 }

src/Plugins/Coverage.php

@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ final class Coverage implements AddsOutput, HandlesArguments
      */
     public function handleArguments(array $originals): array
     {
-        $arguments = [...[''], ...array_values(array_filter($originals, function ($original): bool {
+        $arguments = [...[''], ...array_values(array_filter($originals, function (string $original): bool {
             foreach ([self::COVERAGE_OPTION, self::MIN_OPTION] as $option) {
                 if ($original === sprintf('--%s', $option)) {
                     return true;

src/Plugins/Help.php

@@ -107,6 +107,10 @@ final class Help implements HandlesArguments
                 'arg' => '--parallel',
                 'desc' => 'Run tests in parallel',
             ],
+            [
+                'arg' => '--update-snapshots',
+                'desc' => 'Update snapshots for tests using the "toMatchSnapshot" expectation',
+            ],
         ], ...$content['Execution']];
 
         $content['Selection'] = [[

src/Plugins/Parallel.php

@@ -115,13 +115,13 @@ final class Parallel implements HandlesArguments
     private function runTestSuiteInParallel(array $arguments): int
     {
         $handlers = array_filter(
-            array_map(fn ($handler): object|string => Container::getInstance()->get($handler), self::HANDLERS),
-            fn ($handler): bool => $handler instanceof HandlesArguments,
+            array_map(fn (string $handler): object|string => Container::getInstance()->get($handler), self::HANDLERS),
+            fn (object|string $handler): bool => $handler instanceof HandlesArguments,
         );
 
         $filteredArguments = array_reduce(
             $handlers,
-            fn ($arguments, HandlesArguments $handler): array => $handler->handleArguments($arguments),
+            fn (array $arguments, HandlesArguments $handler): array => $handler->handleArguments($arguments),
             $arguments
         );
 
@@ -139,13 +139,13 @@ final class Parallel implements HandlesArguments
     private function runWorkerHandlers(array $arguments): array
     {
         $handlers = array_filter(
-            array_map(fn ($handler): object|string => Container::getInstance()->get($handler), self::HANDLERS),
-            fn ($handler): bool => $handler instanceof HandlersWorkerArguments,
+            array_map(fn (string $handler): object|string => Container::getInstance()->get($handler), self::HANDLERS),
+            fn (object|string $handler): bool => $handler instanceof HandlersWorkerArguments,
         );
 
         return array_reduce(
             $handlers,
-            fn ($arguments, HandlersWorkerArguments $handler): array => $handler->handleWorkerArguments($arguments),
+            fn (array $arguments, HandlersWorkerArguments $handler): array => $handler->handleWorkerArguments($arguments),
             $arguments
         );
     }

src/Plugins/Parallel/Handlers/Parallel.php

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ final class Parallel implements HandlesArguments
      */
     public function handleArguments(array $arguments): array
     {
-        $args = array_reduce(self::ARGS_TO_REMOVE, fn ($args, $arg): array => $this->popArgument($arg, $args), $arguments);
+        $args = array_reduce(self::ARGS_TO_REMOVE, fn (array $args, string $arg): array => $this->popArgument($arg, $args), $arguments);
 
         return $this->pushArgument('--runner='.WrapperRunner::class, $args);
     }

src/Plugins/Parallel/Paratest/WrapperRunner.php

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ use const DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR;
 use function dirname;
 use function file_get_contents;
 use function max;
+use NunoMaduro\Collision\Adapters\Phpunit\Support\ResultReflection;
 use ParaTest\Coverage\CoverageMerger;
 use ParaTest\JUnit\LogMerger;
 use ParaTest\JUnit\Writer;
@@ -23,6 +24,7 @@ use ParaTest\WrapperRunner\WrapperWorker;
 use Pest\Result;
 use Pest\TestSuite;
 use PHPUnit\Event\Facade as EventFacade;
+use PHPUnit\Event\TestRunner\WarningTriggered;
 use PHPUnit\Runner\CodeCoverage;
 use PHPUnit\TestRunner\TestResult\Facade as TestResultFacade;
 use PHPUnit\TestRunner\TestResult\TestResult;
@@ -272,7 +274,7 @@ final class WrapperRunner implements RunnerInterface
             assert($testResult instanceof TestResult);
 
             $testResultSum = new TestResult(
-                $testResultSum->numberOfTests() + $testResult->numberOfTests(),
+                (int) $testResultSum->hasTests() + (int) $testResult->hasTests(),
                 $testResultSum->numberOfTestsRun() + $testResult->numberOfTestsRun(),
                 $testResultSum->numberOfAssertions() + $testResult->numberOfAssertions(),
                 array_merge_recursive($testResultSum->testErroredEvents(), $testResult->testErroredEvents()),
@@ -281,23 +283,23 @@ final class WrapperRunner implements RunnerInterface
                 array_merge_recursive($testResultSum->testSuiteSkippedEvents(), $testResult->testSuiteSkippedEvents()),
                 array_merge_recursive($testResultSum->testSkippedEvents(), $testResult->testSkippedEvents()),
                 array_merge_recursive($testResultSum->testMarkedIncompleteEvents(), $testResult->testMarkedIncompleteEvents()),
-                array_merge_recursive($testResultSum->testTriggeredDeprecationEvents(), $testResult->testTriggeredDeprecationEvents()),
-                array_merge_recursive($testResultSum->testTriggeredPhpDeprecationEvents(), $testResult->testTriggeredPhpDeprecationEvents()),
                 array_merge_recursive($testResultSum->testTriggeredPhpunitDeprecationEvents(), $testResult->testTriggeredPhpunitDeprecationEvents()),
-                array_merge_recursive($testResultSum->testTriggeredErrorEvents(), $testResult->testTriggeredErrorEvents()),
-                array_merge_recursive($testResultSum->testTriggeredNoticeEvents(), $testResult->testTriggeredNoticeEvents()),
-                array_merge_recursive($testResultSum->testTriggeredPhpNoticeEvents(), $testResult->testTriggeredPhpNoticeEvents()),
-                array_merge_recursive($testResultSum->testTriggeredWarningEvents(), $testResult->testTriggeredWarningEvents()),
-                array_merge_recursive($testResultSum->testTriggeredPhpWarningEvents(), $testResult->testTriggeredPhpWarningEvents()),
                 array_merge_recursive($testResultSum->testTriggeredPhpunitErrorEvents(), $testResult->testTriggeredPhpunitErrorEvents()),
                 array_merge_recursive($testResultSum->testTriggeredPhpunitWarningEvents(), $testResult->testTriggeredPhpunitWarningEvents()),
                 array_merge_recursive($testResultSum->testRunnerTriggeredDeprecationEvents(), $testResult->testRunnerTriggeredDeprecationEvents()),
                 array_merge_recursive($testResultSum->testRunnerTriggeredWarningEvents(), $testResult->testRunnerTriggeredWarningEvents()),
+                array_merge_recursive($testResultSum->errors(), $testResult->errors()),
+                array_merge_recursive($testResultSum->deprecations(), $testResult->deprecations()),
+                array_merge_recursive($testResultSum->notices(), $testResult->notices()),
+                array_merge_recursive($testResultSum->warnings(), $testResult->warnings()),
+                array_merge_recursive($testResultSum->phpDeprecations(), $testResult->phpDeprecations()),
+                array_merge_recursive($testResultSum->phpNotices(), $testResult->phpNotices()),
+                array_merge_recursive($testResultSum->phpWarnings(), $testResult->phpWarnings()),
             );
         }
 
         $testResultSum = new TestResult(
-            $testResultSum->numberOfTests(),
+            ResultReflection::numberOfTests($testResultSum),
             $testResultSum->numberOfTestsRun(),
             $testResultSum->numberOfAssertions(),
             $testResultSum->testErroredEvents(),
@@ -306,18 +308,21 @@ final class WrapperRunner implements RunnerInterface
             $testResultSum->testSuiteSkippedEvents(),
             $testResultSum->testSkippedEvents(),
             $testResultSum->testMarkedIncompleteEvents(),
-            $testResultSum->testTriggeredDeprecationEvents(),
-            $testResultSum->testTriggeredPhpDeprecationEvents(),
             $testResultSum->testTriggeredPhpunitDeprecationEvents(),
-            $testResultSum->testTriggeredErrorEvents(),
-            $testResultSum->testTriggeredNoticeEvents(),
-            $testResultSum->testTriggeredPhpNoticeEvents(),
-            $testResultSum->testTriggeredWarningEvents(),
-            $testResultSum->testTriggeredPhpWarningEvents(),
             $testResultSum->testTriggeredPhpunitErrorEvents(),
             $testResultSum->testTriggeredPhpunitWarningEvents(),
             $testResultSum->testRunnerTriggeredDeprecationEvents(),
-            array_values(array_filter($testResultSum->testRunnerTriggeredWarningEvents(), fn ($event): bool => ! str_contains($event->message(), 'No tests found'))),
+            array_values(array_filter(
+                $testResultSum->testRunnerTriggeredWarningEvents(),
+                fn (WarningTriggered $event): bool => ! str_contains($event->message(), 'No tests found')
+            )),
+            $testResultSum->errors(),
+            $testResultSum->deprecations(),
+            $testResultSum->notices(),
+            $testResultSum->warnings(),
+            $testResultSum->phpDeprecations(),
+            $testResultSum->phpNotices(),
+            $testResultSum->phpWarnings(),
         );
 
         $this->printer->printResults(

src/Plugins/Parallel/Support/CompactPrinter.php

@@ -134,6 +134,10 @@ final class CompactPrinter
             null,
             null,
             null,
+            null,
+            null,
+            null,
+            null,
         );
 
         $telemetry = new Info(

src/Plugins/Snapshot.php

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace Pest\Plugins;
+
+use Pest\Contracts\Plugins\HandlesArguments;
+use Pest\Exceptions\InvalidOption;
+use Pest\TestSuite;
+
+/**
+ * @internal
+ */
+final class Snapshot implements HandlesArguments
+{
+    use Concerns\HandleArguments;
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public function handleArguments(array $arguments): array
+    {
+        if (! $this->hasArgument('--update-snapshots', $arguments)) {
+            return $arguments;
+        }
+
+        if ($this->hasArgument('--parallel', $arguments)) {
+            throw new InvalidOption('The [--update-snapshots] option is not supported when running in parallel.');
+        }
+
+        TestSuite::getInstance()->snapshots->flush();
+
+        return $this->popArgument('--update-snapshots', $arguments);
+    }
+}

src/Plugins/Verbose.php

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace Pest\Plugins;
+
+use Pest\Contracts\Plugins\HandlesArguments;
+
+/**
+ * @internal
+ */
+final class Verbose implements HandlesArguments
+{
+    use Concerns\HandleArguments;
+
+    /**
+     * The list of verbosity levels.
+     */
+    private const VERBOSITY_LEVELS = ['v', 'vv', 'vvv', 'q'];
+
+    /**
+     * {@inheritDoc}
+     */
+    public function handleArguments(array $arguments): array
+    {
+        foreach (self::VERBOSITY_LEVELS as $level) {
+            if ($this->hasArgument('-'.$level, $arguments)) {
+                $arguments = $this->popArgument('-'.$level, $arguments);
+            }
+        }
+
+        if ($this->hasArgument('--quiet', $arguments)) {
+            return $this->popArgument('--quiet', $arguments);
+        }
+
+        return $arguments;
+    }
+}

src/Repositories/AfterEachRepository.php

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ namespace Pest\Repositories;
 
 use Closure;
 use Mockery;
-use Pest\Exceptions\AfterEachAlreadyExist;
+use Pest\PendingCalls\AfterEachCall;
 use Pest\Support\ChainableClosure;
 use Pest\Support\NullClosure;
 
@@ -23,13 +23,18 @@ final class AfterEachRepository
     /**
      * Sets a after each closure.
      */
-    public function set(string $filename, Closure $closure): void
+    public function set(string $filename, AfterEachCall $afterEachCall, Closure $afterEachTestCase): void
     {
         if (array_key_exists($filename, $this->state)) {
-            throw new AfterEachAlreadyExist($filename);
+            $fromAfterEachTestCase = $this->state[$filename];
+
+            $afterEachTestCase = ChainableClosure::bound($fromAfterEachTestCase, $afterEachTestCase)
+                ->bindTo($afterEachCall, $afterEachCall::class);
         }
 
-        $this->state[$filename] = $closure;
+        assert($afterEachTestCase instanceof Closure);
+
+        $this->state[$filename] = $afterEachTestCase;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -39,7 +44,7 @@ final class AfterEachRepository
     {
         $afterEach = $this->state[$filename] ?? NullClosure::create();
 
-        return ChainableClosure::from(function (): void {
+        return ChainableClosure::bound(function (): void {
             if (class_exists(Mockery::class)) {
                 if ($container = Mockery::getContainer()) {
                     /* @phpstan-ignore-next-line */

src/Repositories/BeforeAllRepository.php

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ declare(strict_types=1);
 namespace Pest\Repositories;
 
 use Closure;
-use Pest\Exceptions\BeforeEachAlreadyExist;
+use Pest\Exceptions\BeforeAllAlreadyExist;
 use Pest\Support\NullClosure;
 use Pest\Support\Reflection;
 
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ final class BeforeAllRepository
         $filename = Reflection::getFileNameFromClosure($closure);
 
         if (array_key_exists($filename, $this->state)) {
-            throw new BeforeEachAlreadyExist($filename);
+            throw new BeforeAllAlreadyExist($filename);
         }
 
         $this->state[$filename] = $closure;

src/Repositories/BeforeEachRepository.php

@@ -5,7 +5,8 @@ declare(strict_types=1);
 namespace Pest\Repositories;
 
 use Closure;
-use Pest\Exceptions\BeforeEachAlreadyExist;
+use Pest\PendingCalls\BeforeEachCall;
+use Pest\Support\ChainableClosure;
 use Pest\Support\NullClosure;
 
 /**
@@ -21,10 +22,14 @@ final class BeforeEachRepository
     /**
      * Sets a before each closure.
      */
-    public function set(string $filename, Closure $beforeEachTestCall, Closure $beforeEachTestCase): void
+    public function set(string $filename, BeforeEachCall $beforeEachCall, Closure $beforeEachTestCall, Closure $beforeEachTestCase): void
     {
         if (array_key_exists($filename, $this->state)) {
-            throw new BeforeEachAlreadyExist($filename);
+            [$fromBeforeEachTestCall, $fromBeforeEachTestCase] = $this->state[$filename];
+
+            $beforeEachTestCall = ChainableClosure::unbound($fromBeforeEachTestCall, $beforeEachTestCall);
+            $beforeEachTestCase = ChainableClosure::bound($fromBeforeEachTestCase, $beforeEachTestCase)->bindTo($beforeEachCall, $beforeEachCall::class);
+            assert($beforeEachTestCase instanceof Closure);
         }
 
         $this->state[$filename] = [$beforeEachTestCall, $beforeEachTestCase];

src/Repositories/DatasetsRepository.php

@@ -66,11 +66,11 @@ final class DatasetsRepository
     }
 
     /**
-     * @return Closure|array<int|string, mixed>|never
+     * @return Closure|array<int|string, mixed>
      *
      * @throws ShouldNotHappen
      */
-    public static function get(string $filename, string $description)
+    public static function get(string $filename, string $description): Closure|array
     {
         $dataset = self::$withs[$filename.self::SEPARATOR.$description];
 
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ final class DatasetsRepository
 
     /**
      * @param  array<Closure|iterable<int|string, mixed>|string>  $datasets
-     * @return array<array<mixed>>
+     * @return array<int, array<int, mixed>>
      */
     private static function processDatasets(array $datasets, string $currentTestFile): array
     {
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ final class DatasetsRepository
 
         $closestScopeDatasetKey = array_reduce(
             array_keys($matchingDatasets),
-            fn ($keyA, $keyB) => $keyA !== null && strlen((string) $keyA) > strlen($keyB) ? $keyA : $keyB
+            fn (string|int|null $keyA, string|int|null $keyB): string|int|null => $keyA !== null && strlen((string) $keyA) > strlen((string) $keyB) ? $keyA : $keyB
         );
 
         if ($closestScopeDatasetKey === null) {

src/Repositories/SnapshotRepository.php

@@ -0,0 +1,141 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace Pest\Repositories;
+
+use Pest\Exceptions\ShouldNotHappen;
+use Pest\TestSuite;
+
+/**
+ * @internal
+ */
+final class SnapshotRepository
+{
+    /** @var array<string, int> */
+    private static array $expectationsCounter = [];
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a snapshot repository instance.
+     */
+    public function __construct(
+        readonly private string $testsPath,
+        readonly private string $snapshotsPath,
+    ) {
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Checks if the snapshot exists.
+     */
+    public function has(): bool
+    {
+        return file_exists($this->getSnapshotFilename());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the snapshot.
+     *
+     * @return array{0: string, 1: string}
+     *
+     * @throws ShouldNotHappen
+     */
+    public function get(): array
+    {
+        $contents = file_get_contents($snapshotFilename = $this->getSnapshotFilename());
+
+        if ($contents === false) {
+            throw ShouldNotHappen::fromMessage('Snapshot file could not be read.');
+        }
+
+        $snapshot = str_replace(dirname($this->testsPath).'/', '', $snapshotFilename);
+
+        return [$snapshot, $contents];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Saves the given snapshot for the given test case.
+     */
+    public function save(string $snapshot): string
+    {
+        $snapshotFilename = $this->getSnapshotFilename();
+
+        if (! file_exists(dirname($snapshotFilename))) {
+            mkdir(dirname($snapshotFilename), 0755, true);
+        }
+
+        file_put_contents($snapshotFilename, $snapshot);
+
+        return str_replace(dirname($this->testsPath).'/', '', $snapshotFilename);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Flushes the snapshots.
+     */
+    public function flush(): void
+    {
+        $absoluteSnapshotsPath = $this->testsPath.'/'.$this->snapshotsPath;
+
+        $deleteDirectory = function (string $path) use (&$deleteDirectory): void {
+            if (file_exists($path)) {
+                $scannedDir = scandir($path);
+                assert(is_array($scannedDir));
+
+                $files = array_diff($scannedDir, ['.', '..']);
+
+                foreach ($files as $file) {
+                    if (is_dir($path.'/'.$file)) {
+                        $deleteDirectory($path.'/'.$file);
+                    } else {
+                        unlink($path.'/'.$file);
+                    }
+                }
+
+                rmdir($path);
+            }
+        };
+
+        if (file_exists($absoluteSnapshotsPath)) {
+            $deleteDirectory($absoluteSnapshotsPath);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Gets the snapshot's "filename".
+     */
+    private function getSnapshotFilename(): string
+    {
+        $relativePath = str_replace($this->testsPath, '', TestSuite::getInstance()->getFilename());
+
+        // remove extension from filename
+        $relativePath = substr($relativePath, 0, (int) strrpos($relativePath, '.'));
+
+        $description = TestSuite::getInstance()->getDescription();
+
+        if ($this->getCurrentSnapshotCounter() > 1) {
+            $description .= '__'.$this->getCurrentSnapshotCounter();
+        }
+
+        return sprintf('%s/%s.snap', $this->testsPath.'/'.$this->snapshotsPath.$relativePath, $description);
+    }
+
+    private function getCurrentSnapshotKey(): string
+    {
+        return TestSuite::getInstance()->getFilename().'###'.TestSuite::getInstance()->getDescription();
+    }
+
+    private function getCurrentSnapshotCounter(): int
+    {
+        return self::$expectationsCounter[$this->getCurrentSnapshotKey()] ?? 0;
+    }
+
+    public function startNewExpectation(): void
+    {
+        $key = $this->getCurrentSnapshotKey();
+
+        if (! isset(self::$expectationsCounter[$key])) {
+            self::$expectationsCounter[$key] = 0;
+        }
+
+        self::$expectationsCounter[$key]++;
+    }
+}

src/Result.php

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ declare(strict_types=1);
 
 namespace Pest;
 
+use NunoMaduro\Collision\Adapters\Phpunit\Support\ResultReflection;
 use PHPUnit\TestRunner\TestResult\TestResult;
 use PHPUnit\TextUI\Configuration\Configuration;
 
@@ -44,7 +45,7 @@ final class Result
             return self::SUCCESS_EXIT;
         }
 
-        if ($configuration->failOnEmptyTestSuite() && $result->numberOfTests() === 0) {
+        if ($configuration->failOnEmptyTestSuite() && ResultReflection::numberOfTests($result) === 0) {
             return self::FAILURE_EXIT;
         }
 
@@ -53,9 +54,9 @@ final class Result
                 $returnCode = self::FAILURE_EXIT;
             }
 
-            $warnings = $result->numberOfTestsWithTestTriggeredPhpunitWarningEvents()
-                + $result->numberOfTestsWithTestTriggeredWarningEvents()
-                + $result->numberOfTestsWithTestTriggeredPhpWarningEvents();
+            $warnings = $result->numberOfTestsWithTestTriggeredPhpunitWarningEvents() +
+                +count($result->warnings())
+                + count($result->phpWarnings());
 
             if ($configuration->failOnWarning() && $warnings > 0) {
                 $returnCode = self::FAILURE_EXIT;

src/Support/Backtrace.php

@@ -78,9 +78,7 @@ final class Backtrace
      */
     public static function file(): string
     {
-        $trace = debug_backtrace(self::BACKTRACE_OPTIONS)[1];
-
-        assert(array_key_exists(self::FILE, $trace));
+        $trace = self::backtrace();
 
         return $trace[self::FILE];
     }
@@ -90,9 +88,7 @@ final class Backtrace
      */
     public static function dirname(): string
     {
-        $trace = debug_backtrace(self::BACKTRACE_OPTIONS)[1];
-
-        assert(array_key_exists(self::FILE, $trace));
+        $trace = self::backtrace();
 
         return dirname($trace[self::FILE]);
     }
@@ -102,8 +98,30 @@ final class Backtrace
      */
     public static function line(): int
     {
-        $trace = debug_backtrace(self::BACKTRACE_OPTIONS)[1];
+        $trace = self::backtrace();
 
         return $trace['line'] ?? 0;
     }
+
+    /**
+     * @return array{function: string, line?: int, file: string, class?: class-string, type?: string, args?: mixed[], object?: object}
+     */
+    private static function backtrace(): array
+    {
+        $backtrace = debug_backtrace(self::BACKTRACE_OPTIONS);
+
+        foreach ($backtrace as $trace) {
+            if (! isset($trace['file'])) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            if (str_contains($trace['file'], 'pest'.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.'src')) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            return $trace;
+        }
+
+        throw ShouldNotHappen::fromMessage('Backtrace not found.');
+    }
 }

src/Support/ChainableClosure.php

@@ -13,9 +13,25 @@ use Pest\Exceptions\ShouldNotHappen;
 final class ChainableClosure
 {
     /**
-     * Calls the given `$closure` and chains the `$next` closure.
+     * Calls the given `$closure` when the given condition is true, "bound" to the same object.
      */
-    public static function from(Closure $closure, Closure $next): Closure
+    public static function boundWhen(Closure $condition, Closure $next): Closure
+    {
+        return function () use ($condition, $next): void {
+            if (! is_object($this)) { // @phpstan-ignore-line
+                throw ShouldNotHappen::fromMessage('$this not bound to chainable closure.');
+            }
+
+            if (\Pest\Support\Closure::bind($condition, $this, self::class)(...func_get_args())) {
+                \Pest\Support\Closure::bind($next, $this, self::class)(...func_get_args());
+            }
+        };
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Calls the given `$closure` and chains the `$next` closure, "bound" to the same object.
+     */
+    public static function bound(Closure $closure, Closure $next): Closure
     {
         return function () use ($closure, $next): void {
             if (! is_object($this)) { // @phpstan-ignore-line
@@ -28,9 +44,20 @@ final class ChainableClosure
     }
 
     /**
-     * Call the given static `$closure` and chains the `$next` closure.
+     * Calls the given `$closure` and chains the `$next` closure, "unbound" of any object.
      */
-    public static function fromStatic(Closure $closure, Closure $next): Closure
+    public static function unbound(Closure $closure, Closure $next): Closure
+    {
+        return function () use ($closure, $next): void {
+            $closure(...func_get_args());
+            $next(...func_get_args());
+        };
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Call the given static `$closure` and chains the `$next` closure, "bound" to the same object statically.
+     */
+    public static function boundStatically(Closure $closure, Closure $next): Closure
     {
         return static function () use ($closure, $next): void {
             \Pest\Support\Closure::bind($closure, null, self::class)(...func_get_args());

src/Support/Coverage.php

@@ -159,10 +159,11 @@ final class Coverage
      * ['11', '20..25', '50', '60..80'];
      * ```
      *
+     *
      * @param  File  $file
      * @return array<int, string>
      */
-    public static function getMissingCoverage($file): array
+    public static function getMissingCoverage(mixed $file): array
     {
         $shouldBeNewLine = true;
 

src/Support/ExceptionTrace.php

@@ -18,11 +18,9 @@ final class ExceptionTrace
     /**
      * Ensures the given closure reports the good execution context.
      *
-     * @return mixed
-     *
      * @throws Throwable
      */
-    public static function ensure(Closure $closure)
+    public static function ensure(Closure $closure): mixed
     {
         try {
             return $closure();

src/Support/ExpectationPipeline.php

@@ -84,6 +84,6 @@ final class ExpectationPipeline
      */
     public function carry(): Closure
     {
-        return fn ($stack, $pipe): Closure => fn () => $pipe($stack, ...$this->passables);
+        return fn (mixed $stack, callable $pipe): Closure => fn () => $pipe($stack, ...$this->passables);
     }
 }

src/Support/Reflection.php

@@ -24,9 +24,8 @@ final class Reflection
      * Calls the given method with args on the given object.
      *
      * @param  array<int, mixed>  $args
-     * @return mixed
      */
-    public static function call(object $object, string $method, array $args = [])
+    public static function call(object $object, string $method, array $args = []): mixed
     {
         $reflectionClass = new ReflectionClass($object);
 
@@ -53,9 +52,8 @@ final class Reflection
      * Bind a callable to the TestCase and return the result.
      *
      * @param  array<int, mixed>  $args
-     * @return mixed
      */
-    public static function bindCallable(callable $callable, array $args = [])
+    public static function bindCallable(callable $callable, array $args = []): mixed
     {
         return Closure::fromCallable($callable)->bindTo(TestSuite::getInstance()->test)(...$args);
     }
@@ -63,10 +61,8 @@ final class Reflection
     /**
      * Bind a callable to the TestCase and return the result,
      * passing in the current dataset values as arguments.
-     *
-     * @return mixed
      */
-    public static function bindCallableWithData(callable $callable)
+    public static function bindCallableWithData(callable $callable): mixed
     {
         $test = TestSuite::getInstance()->test;
 
@@ -87,10 +83,8 @@ final class Reflection
 
     /**
      * Gets the property value from of the given object.
-     *
-     * @return mixed
      */
-    public static function getPropertyValue(object $object, string $property)
+    public static function getPropertyValue(object $object, string $property): mixed
     {
         $reflectionClass = new ReflectionClass($object);
 
@@ -206,10 +200,7 @@ final class Reflection
         return $arguments;
     }
 
-    /**
-     * @return mixed
-     */
-    public static function getFunctionVariable(Closure $function, string $key)
+    public static function getFunctionVariable(Closure $function, string $key): mixed
     {
         return (new ReflectionFunction($function))->getStaticVariables()[$key] ?? null;
     }

src/Support/StateGenerator.php

@@ -74,64 +74,76 @@ final class StateGenerator
             ));
         }
 
-        foreach ($testResult->testTriggeredDeprecationEvents() as $testResultEvent) {
-            $testResultEvent = $testResultEvent[0];
+        foreach ($testResult->deprecations() as $testResultEvent) {
+            foreach ($testResultEvent->triggeringTests() as $triggeringTest) {
+                ['test' => $test] = $triggeringTest;
 
-            $state->add(TestResult::fromPestParallelTestCase(
-                $testResultEvent->test(),
-                TestResult::DEPRECATED,
-                ThrowableBuilder::from(new TestOutcome($testResultEvent->message()))
-            ));
+                $state->add(TestResult::fromPestParallelTestCase(
+                    $test,
+                    TestResult::DEPRECATED,
+                    ThrowableBuilder::from(new TestOutcome($testResultEvent->description()))
+                ));
+            }
         }
 
-        foreach ($testResult->testTriggeredPhpDeprecationEvents() as $testResultEvent) {
-            $testResultEvent = $testResultEvent[0];
+        foreach ($testResult->phpDeprecations() as $testResultEvent) {
+            foreach ($testResultEvent->triggeringTests() as $triggeringTest) {
+                ['test' => $test] = $triggeringTest;
 
-            $state->add(TestResult::fromPestParallelTestCase(
-                $testResultEvent->test(),
-                TestResult::DEPRECATED,
-                ThrowableBuilder::from(new TestOutcome($testResultEvent->message()))
-            ));
+                $state->add(TestResult::fromPestParallelTestCase(
+                    $test,
+                    TestResult::DEPRECATED,
+                    ThrowableBuilder::from(new TestOutcome($testResultEvent->description()))
+                ));
+            }
         }
 
-        foreach ($testResult->testTriggeredNoticeEvents() as $testResultEvent) {
-            $testResultEvent = $testResultEvent[0];
+        foreach ($testResult->notices() as $testResultEvent) {
+            foreach ($testResultEvent->triggeringTests() as $triggeringTest) {
+                ['test' => $test] = $triggeringTest;
 
-            $state->add(TestResult::fromPestParallelTestCase(
-                $testResultEvent->test(),
-                TestResult::NOTICE,
-                ThrowableBuilder::from(new TestOutcome($testResultEvent->message()))
-            ));
+                $state->add(TestResult::fromPestParallelTestCase(
+                    $test,
+                    TestResult::NOTICE,
+                    ThrowableBuilder::from(new TestOutcome($testResultEvent->description()))
+                ));
+            }
         }
 
-        foreach ($testResult->testTriggeredPhpNoticeEvents() as $testResultEvent) {
-            $testResultEvent = $testResultEvent[0];
+        foreach ($testResult->phpNotices() as $testResultEvent) {
+            foreach ($testResultEvent->triggeringTests() as $triggeringTest) {
+                ['test' => $test] = $triggeringTest;
 
-            $state->add(TestResult::fromPestParallelTestCase(
-                $testResultEvent->test(),
-                TestResult::NOTICE,
-                ThrowableBuilder::from(new TestOutcome($testResultEvent->message()))
-            ));
+                $state->add(TestResult::fromPestParallelTestCase(
+                    $test,
+                    TestResult::NOTICE,
+                    ThrowableBuilder::from(new TestOutcome($testResultEvent->description()))
+                ));
+            }
         }
 
-        foreach ($testResult->testTriggeredWarningEvents() as $testResultEvent) {
-            $testResultEvent = $testResultEvent[0];
+        foreach ($testResult->warnings() as $testResultEvent) {
+            foreach ($testResultEvent->triggeringTests() as $triggeringTest) {
+                ['test' => $test] = $triggeringTest;
 
-            $state->add(TestResult::fromPestParallelTestCase(
-                $testResultEvent->test(),
-                TestResult::WARN,
-                ThrowableBuilder::from(new TestOutcome($testResultEvent->message()))
-            ));
+                $state->add(TestResult::fromPestParallelTestCase(
+                    $test,
+                    TestResult::WARN,
+                    ThrowableBuilder::from(new TestOutcome($testResultEvent->description()))
+                ));
+            }
         }
 
-        foreach ($testResult->testTriggeredPhpWarningEvents() as $testResultEvent) {
-            $testResultEvent = $testResultEvent[0];
+        foreach ($testResult->phpWarnings() as $testResultEvent) {
+            foreach ($testResultEvent->triggeringTests() as $triggeringTest) {
+                ['test' => $test] = $triggeringTest;
 
-            $state->add(TestResult::fromPestParallelTestCase(
-                $testResultEvent->test(),
-                TestResult::WARN,
-                ThrowableBuilder::from(new TestOutcome($testResultEvent->message()))
-            ));
+                $state->add(TestResult::fromPestParallelTestCase(
+                    $test,
+                    TestResult::WARN,
+                    ThrowableBuilder::from(new TestOutcome($testResultEvent->description()))
+                ));
+            }
         }
 
         // for each test that passed, we need to add it to the state
@@ -140,7 +152,7 @@ final class StateGenerator
                 new TestMethod(
                     "$i", // @phpstan-ignore-line
                     '', // @phpstan-ignore-line
-                    '',
+                    '', // @phpstan-ignore-line
                     1,
                     TestDoxBuilder::fromClassNameAndMethodName('', ''), // @phpstan-ignore-line
                     MetadataCollection::fromArray([]),

src/TestCaseFilters/GitDirtyTestCaseFilter.php

@@ -59,13 +59,18 @@ final class GitDirtyTestCaseFilter implements TestCaseFilter
             $dirtyFiles[substr($dirtyFile, 3)] = trim(substr($dirtyFile, 0, 3));
         }
 
-        $dirtyFiles = array_filter($dirtyFiles, fn ($status): bool => $status !== 'D');
+        $dirtyFiles = array_filter($dirtyFiles, fn (string $status): bool => $status !== 'D');
 
-        $dirtyFiles = array_map(fn ($file, $status): string => in_array($status, ['R', 'RM'], true) ? explode(' -> ', $file)[1] : $file, array_keys($dirtyFiles), $dirtyFiles);
+        $dirtyFiles = array_map(
+            fn (string $file, string $status): string => in_array($status, ['R', 'RM'], true)
+                ? explode(' -> ', $file)[1]
+                : $file, array_keys($dirtyFiles), $dirtyFiles,
+        );
 
         $dirtyFiles = array_filter(
             $dirtyFiles,
-            fn ($file): bool => str_starts_with('.'.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.$file, TestSuite::getInstance()->testPath) || str_starts_with($file, TestSuite::getInstance()->testPath)
+            fn (string $file): bool => str_starts_with('.'.DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR.$file, TestSuite::getInstance()->testPath)
+                || str_starts_with($file, TestSuite::getInstance()->testPath)
         );
 
         $dirtyFiles = array_values($dirtyFiles);

src/TestSuite.php

@@ -9,7 +9,9 @@ use Pest\Repositories\AfterAllRepository;
 use Pest\Repositories\AfterEachRepository;
 use Pest\Repositories\BeforeAllRepository;
 use Pest\Repositories\BeforeEachRepository;
+use Pest\Repositories\SnapshotRepository;
 use Pest\Repositories\TestRepository;
+use Pest\Support\Str;
 use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
 
 /**
@@ -47,6 +49,11 @@ final class TestSuite
      */
     public AfterAllRepository $afterAll;
 
+    /**
+     * Holds the snapshots repository.
+     */
+    public SnapshotRepository $snapshots;
+
     /**
      * Holds the root path.
      */
@@ -69,8 +76,11 @@ final class TestSuite
         $this->tests = new TestRepository();
         $this->afterEach = new AfterEachRepository();
         $this->afterAll = new AfterAllRepository();
-
         $this->rootPath = (string) realpath($rootPath);
+        $this->snapshots = new SnapshotRepository(
+            implode(DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, [$this->rootPath, $this->testPath]),
+            implode(DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR, ['.pest', 'snapshots']),
+        );
     }
 
     /**
@@ -96,4 +106,28 @@ final class TestSuite
 
         return self::$instance;
     }
+
+    public function getFilename(): string
+    {
+        assert($this->test instanceof TestCase);
+
+        return (fn () => self::$__filename)->call($this->test, $this->test::class); // @phpstan-ignore-line
+    }
+
+    public function getDescription(): string
+    {
+        assert($this->test instanceof TestCase);
+
+        $description = str_replace('__pest_evaluable_', '', $this->test->name());
+        $datasetAsString = str_replace('__pest_evaluable_', '', Str::evaluable($this->test->dataSetAsStringWithData()));
+
+        return str_replace(' ', '_', $description.$datasetAsString);
+    }
+
+    public function registerSnapshotChange(string $message): void
+    {
+        assert($this->test instanceof TestCase);
+
+        (fn (): string => $this->__snapshotChanges[] = $message)->call($this->test, $this->test::class); // @phpstan-ignore-line
+    }
 }

tests/.pest/snapshots/Features/Expect/toMatchSnapshot/_describable__→_multiple_snapshot_expectations_with_describe.snap

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+foo bar 1

tests/.pest/snapshots/Features/Expect/toMatchSnapshot/_describable__→_multiple_snapshot_expectations_with_describe__2.snap

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+foo bar 2

tests/.pest/snapshots/Features/Expect/toMatchSnapshot/_within_describe__→_pass_with_dataset_with_data_set____my_datas_set_value______my_datas_set_value__.snap

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+    <div class="container">
+        <div class="row">
+            <div class="col-md-12">
+                <h1>Snapshot</h1>
+            </div>
+        </div>
+    </div>

tests/.pest/snapshots/Features/Expect/toMatchSnapshot/failures.snap

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+    <div class="container">
+        <div class="row">
+            <div class="col-md-12">
+                <h1>Snapshot</h1>
+            </div>
+        </div>
+    </div>

tests/.pest/snapshots/Features/Expect/toMatchSnapshot/failures_with_custom_message.snap

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+    <div class="container">
+        <div class="row">
+            <div class="col-md-12">
+                <h1>Snapshot</h1>
+            </div>
+        </div>
+    </div>

tests/.pest/snapshots/Features/Expect/toMatchSnapshot/multiple_snapshot_expectations.snap

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+foo bar 1

tests/.pest/snapshots/Features/Expect/toMatchSnapshot/multiple_snapshot_expectations__2.snap

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+foo bar 2

tests/.pest/snapshots/Features/Expect/toMatchSnapshot/multiple_snapshot_expectations_with_datasets_with_data_set___1____1_.snap

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+foo bar 1

tests/.pest/snapshots/Features/Expect/toMatchSnapshot/multiple_snapshot_expectations_with_datasets_with_data_set___1____1___2.snap

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+foo bar 2

tests/.pest/snapshots/Features/Expect/toMatchSnapshot/multiple_snapshot_expectations_with_datasets_with_data_set____bar______bar__.snap

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+foo bar 1

tests/.pest/snapshots/Features/Expect/toMatchSnapshot/multiple_snapshot_expectations_with_datasets_with_data_set____bar______bar____2.snap

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+foo bar 2

tests/.pest/snapshots/Features/Expect/toMatchSnapshot/multiple_snapshot_expectations_with_datasets_with_data_set____baz______baz__.snap

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+foo bar 1

tests/.pest/snapshots/Features/Expect/toMatchSnapshot/multiple_snapshot_expectations_with_datasets_with_data_set____baz______baz____2.snap

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+foo bar 2

tests/.pest/snapshots/Features/Expect/toMatchSnapshot/multiple_snapshot_expectations_with_datasets_with_data_set____foo______foo__.snap

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+foo bar 1

tests/.pest/snapshots/Features/Expect/toMatchSnapshot/multiple_snapshot_expectations_with_datasets_with_data_set____foo______foo____2.snap

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+foo bar 2

tests/.pest/snapshots/Features/Expect/toMatchSnapshot/multiple_snapshot_expectations_with_repeat_with_data_set___10____10_.snap

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+foo bar 1

tests/.pest/snapshots/Features/Expect/toMatchSnapshot/multiple_snapshot_expectations_with_repeat_with_data_set___10____10___2.snap

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+foo bar 2

tests/.pest/snapshots/Features/Expect/toMatchSnapshot/multiple_snapshot_expectations_with_repeat_with_data_set___1____1_.snap

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+foo bar 1

tests/.pest/snapshots/Features/Expect/toMatchSnapshot/multiple_snapshot_expectations_with_repeat_with_data_set___1____1___2.snap

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+foo bar 2

tests/.pest/snapshots/Features/Expect/toMatchSnapshot/multiple_snapshot_expectations_with_repeat_with_data_set___2____2_.snap

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+foo bar 1

tests/.pest/snapshots/Features/Expect/toMatchSnapshot/multiple_snapshot_expectations_with_repeat_with_data_set___2____2___2.snap

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+foo bar 2

tests/.pest/snapshots/Features/Expect/toMatchSnapshot/multiple_snapshot_expectations_with_repeat_with_data_set___3____3_.snap

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+foo bar 1

tests/.pest/snapshots/Features/Expect/toMatchSnapshot/multiple_snapshot_expectations_with_repeat_with_data_set___3____3___2.snap

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+foo bar 2

tests/.pest/snapshots/Features/Expect/toMatchSnapshot/multiple_snapshot_expectations_with_repeat_with_data_set___4____4_.snap

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+foo bar 1

tests/.pest/snapshots/Features/Expect/toMatchSnapshot/multiple_snapshot_expectations_with_repeat_with_data_set___4____4___2.snap

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+foo bar 2

tests/.pest/snapshots/Features/Expect/toMatchSnapshot/multiple_snapshot_expectations_with_repeat_with_data_set___5____5_.snap

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+foo bar 1

tests/.pest/snapshots/Features/Expect/toMatchSnapshot/multiple_snapshot_expectations_with_repeat_with_data_set___5____5___2.snap

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+foo bar 2

tests/.pest/snapshots/Features/Expect/toMatchSnapshot/multiple_snapshot_expectations_with_repeat_with_data_set___6____6_.snap

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+foo bar 1

tests/.pest/snapshots/Features/Expect/toMatchSnapshot/multiple_snapshot_expectations_with_repeat_with_data_set___6____6___2.snap

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+foo bar 2

tests/.pest/snapshots/Features/Expect/toMatchSnapshot/multiple_snapshot_expectations_with_repeat_with_data_set___7____7_.snap

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+foo bar 1

tests/.pest/snapshots/Features/Expect/toMatchSnapshot/multiple_snapshot_expectations_with_repeat_with_data_set___7____7___2.snap

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+foo bar 2

tests/.pest/snapshots/Features/Expect/toMatchSnapshot/multiple_snapshot_expectations_with_repeat_with_data_set___8____8_.snap

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+foo bar 1

tests/.pest/snapshots/Features/Expect/toMatchSnapshot/multiple_snapshot_expectations_with_repeat_with_data_set___8____8___2.snap

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+foo bar 2

tests/.pest/snapshots/Features/Expect/toMatchSnapshot/multiple_snapshot_expectations_with_repeat_with_data_set___9____9_.snap

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+foo bar 1

tests/.pest/snapshots/Features/Expect/toMatchSnapshot/multiple_snapshot_expectations_with_repeat_with_data_set___9____9___2.snap

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+foo bar 2

tests/.pest/snapshots/Features/Expect/toMatchSnapshot/not_failures.snap

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+    <div class="container">
+        <div class="row">
+            <div class="col-md-12">
+                <h1>Snapshot</h1>
+            </div>
+        </div>
+    </div>

tests/.pest/snapshots/Features/Expect/toMatchSnapshot/pass.snap

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+    <div class="container">
+        <div class="row">
+            <div class="col-md-12">
+                <h1>Snapshot</h1>
+            </div>
+        </div>
+    </div>

tests/.pest/snapshots/Features/Expect/toMatchSnapshot/pass_with______toString_.snap

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+    <div class="container">
+        <div class="row">
+            <div class="col-md-12">
+                <h1>Snapshot</h1>
+            </div>
+        </div>
+    </div>

tests/.pest/snapshots/Features/Expect/toMatchSnapshot/pass_with__toArray_.snap

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+{
+    "key": "    <div class=\"container\">\n        <div class=\"row\">\n            <div class=\"col-md-12\">\n                <h1>Snapshot<\/h1>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>"
+}

tests/.pest/snapshots/Features/Expect/toMatchSnapshot/pass_with__toString_.snap

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+    <div class="container">
+        <div class="row">
+            <div class="col-md-12">
+                <h1>Snapshot</h1>
+            </div>
+        </div>
+    </div>

tests/.pest/snapshots/Features/Expect/toMatchSnapshot/pass_with_array.snap

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+{
+    "key": "    <div class=\"container\">\n        <div class=\"row\">\n            <div class=\"col-md-12\">\n                <h1>Snapshot<\/h1>\n            <\/div>\n        <\/div>\n    <\/div>"
+}

tests/.pest/snapshots/Features/Expect/toMatchSnapshot/pass_with_dataset_with_data_set____my_datas_set_value______my_datas_set_value__.snap

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+    <div class="container">
+        <div class="row">
+            <div class="col-md-12">
+                <h1>Snapshot</h1>
+            </div>
+        </div>
+    </div>

tests/.pest/snapshots/Visual/Help/visual_snapshot_of_help_command_output.snap

@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 
-  Pest Testing Framework 2.8.3.  
+  Pest Testing Framework 2.13.0.  
 
   USAGE: pest <file> [options]  
 
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
 
   EXECUTION OPTIONS:
   --parallel ........................................... Run tests in parallel  
+  --update-snapshots  Update snapshots for tests using the "toMatchSnapshot" expectation  
   --process-isolation ................ Run each test in a separate PHP process  
   --globals-backup ................. Backup and restore $GLOBALS for each test  
   --static-backup ......... Backup and restore static properties for each test  

tests/.pest/snapshots/Visual/Version/visual_snapshot_of_help_command_output.snap

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+
+  Pest Testing Framework 2.13.0.  
+

tests/.snapshots/coverage.txt

@@ -1,60 +0,0 @@
-
-   PASS  Tests\Playground
-  ✓ basic
-
-  Tests:  1 passed
-  Time:   0.20s
-  Cov:    6.49%
-
-  Actions/AddsDefaults ........................................... 0.0 %
-  Actions/AddsTests .............................................. 0.0 %
-  Actions/LoadStructure .......................................... 0.0 %
-  Actions/ValidatesConfiguration ................................. 0.0 %
-  Actions/ValidatesEnvironment ................................... 0.0 %
-  Concerns/TestCase 40..54, 71..88, 123..126, 147 ............... 44.4 %
-  Console/Command ................................................ 0.0 %
-  Contracts/HasPrintableTestCaseName ............................. 0.0 %
-  Contracts/Plugins/AddsOutput  ................................ 100.0 %
-  Contracts/Plugins/HandlesArguments  .......................... 100.0 %
-  Datasets ....................................................... 0.0 %
-  Exceptions/AfterAllAlreadyExist ................................ 0.0 %
-  Exceptions/AfterEachAlreadyExist ............................... 0.0 %
-  Exceptions/AttributeNotSupportedYet ............................ 0.0 %
-  Exceptions/BeforeEachAlreadyExist .............................. 0.0 %
-  Exceptions/DatasetAlreadyExist ................................. 0.0 %
-  Exceptions/DatasetDoesNotExist ................................. 0.0 %
-  Exceptions/FileOrFolderNotFound ................................ 0.0 %
-  Exceptions/InvalidConsoleArgument .............................. 0.0 %
-  Exceptions/InvalidPestCommand .................................. 0.0 %
-  Exceptions/InvalidUsesPath ..................................... 0.0 %
-  Exceptions/ShouldNotHappen ..................................... 0.0 %
-  Exceptions/TestAlreadyExist .................................... 0.0 %
-  Exceptions/TestCaseAlreadyInUse ................................ 0.0 %
-  Exceptions/TestCaseClassOrTraitNotFound ........................ 0.0 %
-  Factories/TestCaseFactory 111..133, 141..204 ................... 8.2 %
-  Laravel/Commands/PestDatasetCommand ............................ 0.0 %
-  Laravel/Commands/PestInstallCommand ............................ 0.0 %
-  Laravel/Commands/PestTestCommand ............................... 0.0 %
-  Laravel/PestServiceProvider .................................... 0.0 %
-  PendingObjects/AfterEachCall ................................... 0.0 %
-  PendingObjects/BeforeEachCall .................................. 0.0 %
-  PendingObjects/TestCall ........................................ 0.0 %
-  PendingObjects/UsesCall ........................................ 0.0 %
-  Plugin ......................................................... 0.0 %
-  Repositories/AfterAllRepository ................................ 0.0 %
-  Repositories/AfterEachRepository 28..33 ....................... 60.0 %
-  Repositories/BeforeAllRepository ............................... 0.0 %
-  Repositories/BeforeEachRepository 26..31 ...................... 20.0 %
-  Repositories/TestRepository .................................... 0.0 %
-  Support/Backtrace .............................................. 0.0 %
-  Support/ChainableClosure  .................................... 100.0 %
-  Support/Container .............................................. 0.0 %
-  Support/ExceptionTrace 25..32 ................................. 28.6 %
-  Support/HigherOrderMessage ..................................... 0.0 %
-  Support/HigherOrderMessageCollection 24..25, 33, 43 ........... 50.0 %
-  Support/HigherOrderTapProxy .................................... 0.0 %
-  Support/NullClosure  ......................................... 100.0 %
-  Support/Reflection ............................................. 0.0 %
-  Support/Str .................................................... 0.0 %
-  TestSuite 80..87, 95..101, 105 ................................ 20.0 %
-  globals ........................................................ 0.0 %

tests/.snapshots/success.txt

@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@
   ✓ it appends CoversNothing to method attributes
   ✓ it does not append CoversNothing to other methods
   ✓ it throws exception if no class nor method has been found
+  ✓ a "describe" group of tests → it does not append CoversNothing to method attributes
 
    PASS  Tests\Features\DatasetsTests - 1 todo
   ✓ it throws exception if dataset does not exist
@@ -172,6 +173,29 @@
   ! deprecated → str_contains(): Passing null to parameter #1 ($haystack) of type string is deprecated // tests/Features/Deprecated.php:6
   ! user deprecated → Since foo 1.0: This is a deprecation description // vendor/symfony/deprecation-contracts/function.php:25
 
+   PASS  Tests\Features\Describe - 5 todos
+  ✓ before each
+  ✓ hooks → value
+  ✓ hooks in different orders → value
+  ↓ todo
+  ✓ previous describable before each does not get applied here
+  ↓ todo on hook → should not fail
+  ↓ todo on hook → should run
+  ↓ todo on describe → should not fail
+  ↓ todo on describe → should run
+  ✓ should run
+  ✓ with with (1)
+  ✓ with on hook → value with (2)
+  ✓ with on describe → value with (3)
+
+   PASS  Tests\Features\DescriptionLess
+  ✓ get 'foo'
+  ✓ get 'foo' → get 'bar' → expect true → toBeTrue
+  ✓ get 'foo' → expect true → toBeTrue
+  ✓ a "describe" group of tests → get 'foo'
+  ✓ a "describe" group of tests → get 'foo' → get 'bar' → expect true → toBeTrue
+  ✓ a "describe" group of tests → get 'foo' → expect true → toBeTrue
+
    PASS  Tests\Features\Exceptions
   ✓ it gives access the the underlying expectException
   ✓ it catch exceptions
@@ -387,6 +411,14 @@
   ✓ failures with custom message
   ✓ not failures
 
+   PASS  Tests\Features\Expect\toBeInvokable
+  ✓ class is invokable
+  ✓ opposite class is invokable
+  ✓ class is invokable via a parent class
+  ✓ class is invokable via a trait
+  ✓ failure when the class is not invokable
+  ✓ class is not invokable
+
    PASS  Tests\Features\Expect\toBeIterable
   ✓ pass
   ✓ failures
@@ -605,6 +637,12 @@
   ✓ failures with custom message
   ✓ not failures
 
+   PASS  Tests\Features\Expect\toHavePrefix
+  ✓ missing prefix
+  ✓ has prefix
+  ✓ opposite missing prefix
+  ✓ opposite has prefix
+
    PASS  Tests\Features\Expect\toHaveProperties
   ✓ pass
   ✓ failures
@@ -618,6 +656,12 @@
   ✓ failures with message and Any matcher
   ✓ not failures
 
+   PASS  Tests\Features\Expect\toHaveSuffix
+  ✓ missing suffix
+  ✓ has suffix
+  ✓ opposite missing suffix
+  ✓ opposite has suffix
+
    PASS  Tests\Features\Expect\toMatch
   ✓ pass
   ✓ failures
@@ -643,6 +687,34 @@
   ✓ failures with custom message
   ✓ not failures
 
+   PASS  Tests\Features\Expect\toMatchSnapshot
+  ✓ pass
+  ✓ pass with __toString
+  ✓ pass with toString
+  ✓ pass with dataset with ('my-datas-set-value')
+  ✓ within describe → pass with dataset with ('my-datas-set-value')
+  ✓ pass with toArray
+  ✓ pass with array
+  ✓ failures
+  ✓ failures with custom message
+  ✓ not failures
+  ✓ multiple snapshot expectations
+  ✓ multiple snapshot expectations with datasets with (1)
+  ✓ multiple snapshot expectations with datasets with ('foo')
+  ✓ multiple snapshot expectations with datasets with ('bar')
+  ✓ multiple snapshot expectations with datasets with ('baz')
+  ✓ describable → multiple snapshot expectations with describe
+  ✓ multiple snapshot expectations with repeat @ repetition 1 of 10
+  ✓ multiple snapshot expectations with repeat @ repetition 2 of 10
+  ✓ multiple snapshot expectations with repeat @ repetition 3 of 10
+  ✓ multiple snapshot expectations with repeat @ repetition 4 of 10
+  ✓ multiple snapshot expectations with repeat @ repetition 5 of 10
+  ✓ multiple snapshot expectations with repeat @ repetition 6 of 10
+  ✓ multiple snapshot expectations with repeat @ repetition 7 of 10
+  ✓ multiple snapshot expectations with repeat @ repetition 8 of 10
+  ✓ multiple snapshot expectations with repeat @ repetition 9 of 10
+  ✓ multiple snapshot expectations with repeat @ repetition 10 of 10
+
    PASS  Tests\Features\Expect\toStartWith
   ✓ pass
   ✓ failures
@@ -714,18 +786,106 @@
   ✓ it is not incompleted because of expect
   ✓ it is not incompleted because of assert
   ✓ it is not incompleted because of test with assertions
+  … a "describe" group of tests → it is incompleted
 
    PASS  Tests\Features\It
   ✓ it is a test
   ✓ it is a higher order message test
+  ✓ a "describe" group of tests → it is a test
+  ✓ a "describe" group of tests → it is a higher order message test
 
    NOTI  Tests\Features\Notices
   ! notice → This is a notice description // tests/Features/Notices.php:4
+  ! a "describe" group of tests → notice → This is a notice description // tests/Features/Notices.php:11
 
-   PASS  Tests\Features\PendingHigherOrderTests
-  ✓ get 'foo'
-  ✓ get 'foo' → get 'bar' → expect true → toBeTrue
-  ✓ get 'foo' → expect true → toBeTrue
+   PASS  Tests\Features\Repeat
+  ✓ once
+  ✓ multiple times @ repetition 1 of 5
+  ✓ multiple times @ repetition 2 of 5
+  ✓ multiple times @ repetition 3 of 5
+  ✓ multiple times @ repetition 4 of 5
+  ✓ multiple times @ repetition 5 of 5
+  ✓ multiple times with single dataset dataset "a" @ repetition 1 of 6
+  ✓ multiple times with single dataset dataset "b" @ repetition 1 of 6
+  ✓ multiple times with single dataset dataset "c" @ repetition 1 of 6
+  ✓ multiple times with single dataset dataset "a" @ repetition 2 of 6
+  ✓ multiple times with single dataset dataset "b" @ repetition 2 of 6
+  ✓ multiple times with single dataset dataset "c" @ repetition 2 of 6
+  ✓ multiple times with single dataset dataset "a" @ repetition 3 of 6
+  ✓ multiple times with single dataset dataset "b" @ repetition 3 of 6
+  ✓ multiple times with single dataset dataset "c" @ repetition 3 of 6
+  ✓ multiple times with single dataset dataset "a" @ repetition 4 of 6
+  ✓ multiple times with single dataset dataset "b" @ repetition 4 of 6
+  ✓ multiple times with single dataset dataset "c" @ repetition 4 of 6
+  ✓ multiple times with single dataset dataset "a" @ repetition 5 of 6
+  ✓ multiple times with single dataset dataset "b" @ repetition 5 of 6
+  ✓ multiple times with single dataset dataset "c" @ repetition 5 of 6
+  ✓ multiple times with single dataset dataset "a" @ repetition 6 of 6
+  ✓ multiple times with single dataset dataset "b" @ repetition 6 of 6
+  ✓ multiple times with single dataset dataset "c" @ repetition 6 of 6
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "a" / (4) @ repetition 1 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "a" / (5) @ repetition 1 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "a" / (6) @ repetition 1 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "b" / (4) @ repetition 1 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "b" / (5) @ repetition 1 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "b" / (6) @ repetition 1 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "c" / (4) @ repetition 1 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "c" / (5) @ repetition 1 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "c" / (6) @ repetition 1 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "a" / (4) @ repetition 2 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "a" / (5) @ repetition 2 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "a" / (6) @ repetition 2 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "b" / (4) @ repetition 2 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "b" / (5) @ repetition 2 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "b" / (6) @ repetition 2 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "c" / (4) @ repetition 2 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "c" / (5) @ repetition 2 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "c" / (6) @ repetition 2 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "a" / (4) @ repetition 3 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "a" / (5) @ repetition 3 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "a" / (6) @ repetition 3 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "b" / (4) @ repetition 3 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "b" / (5) @ repetition 3 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "b" / (6) @ repetition 3 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "c" / (4) @ repetition 3 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "c" / (5) @ repetition 3 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "c" / (6) @ repetition 3 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "a" / (4) @ repetition 4 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "a" / (5) @ repetition 4 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "a" / (6) @ repetition 4 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "b" / (4) @ repetition 4 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "b" / (5) @ repetition 4 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "b" / (6) @ repetition 4 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "c" / (4) @ repetition 4 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "c" / (5) @ repetition 4 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "c" / (6) @ repetition 4 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "a" / (4) @ repetition 5 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "a" / (5) @ repetition 5 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "a" / (6) @ repetition 5 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "b" / (4) @ repetition 5 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "b" / (5) @ repetition 5 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "b" / (6) @ repetition 5 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "c" / (4) @ repetition 5 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "c" / (5) @ repetition 5 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "c" / (6) @ repetition 5 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "a" / (4) @ repetition 6 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "a" / (5) @ repetition 6 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "a" / (6) @ repetition 6 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "b" / (4) @ repetition 6 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "b" / (5) @ repetition 6 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "b" / (6) @ repetition 6 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "c" / (4) @ repetition 6 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "c" / (5) @ repetition 6 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "c" / (6) @ repetition 6 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "a" / (4) @ repetition 7 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "a" / (5) @ repetition 7 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "a" / (6) @ repetition 7 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "b" / (4) @ repetition 7 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "b" / (5) @ repetition 7 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "b" / (6) @ repetition 7 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "c" / (4) @ repetition 7 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "c" / (5) @ repetition 7 of 7
+  ✓ multiple times with multiple dataset dataset "c" / (6) @ repetition 7 of 7
 
    PASS  Tests\Features\ScopedDatasets\Directory\NestedDirectory1\TestFileInNestedDirectoryWithDatasetsFile
   ✓ uses dataset with (1)
@@ -787,6 +947,7 @@
    PASS  Tests\Features\ThrowsNoExceptions
   ✓ it allows access to the underlying expectNotToPerformAssertions method
   ✓ it allows performing no expectations without being risky
+  ✓ a "describe" group of tests → it allows performing no expectations without being risky
 
    PASS  Tests\Features\Todo - 3 todos
   ↓ something todo later
@@ -797,6 +958,7 @@
    WARN  Tests\Features\Warnings
   ! warning → Undefined property: P\Tests\Features\Warnings::$fooqwdfwqdfqw
   ! user warning → This is a warning description
+  ! a "describe" group of tests → user warning → This is a warning description
 
    WARN  Tests\Fixtures\CollisionTest
   - error
@@ -853,9 +1015,15 @@
    PASS  Tests\PHPUnit\CustomAffixes\snakecasespec
   ✓ it runs file names like snake_case_spec.php
 
+   PASS  Tests\CustomTestCase\ChildTest
+  ✓ override method
+
    PASS  Tests\CustomTestCase\ExecutedTest
   ✓ that gets executed
 
+   PASS  Tests\CustomTestCase\ParentTest
+  ✓ override method
+
    PASS  Tests\PHPUnit\CustomTestCase\UsesPerDirectory
   ✓ closure was bound to CustomTestCase
 
@@ -1015,6 +1183,7 @@
   ✓ it can return an array of all test suite filenames
 
    PASS  Tests\Visual\BeforeEachTestName
+  ✓ description
   ✓ latest description
 
    PASS  Tests\Visual\Collision
@@ -1044,7 +1213,7 @@
   ✓ todo
   ✓ todo in parallel
 
-   PASS  Tests\Visual\Version
-  ✓ visual snapshot of help command output
+   WARN  Tests\Visual\Version
+  - visual snapshot of help command output
 
-  Tests:    2 deprecated, 3 warnings, 4 incomplete, 1 notice, 8 todos, 18 skipped, 718 passed (1735 assertions)
+  Tests:    2 deprecated, 4 warnings, 5 incomplete, 2 notices, 13 todos, 19 skipped, 862 passed (1977 assertions)

tests/.snapshots/todo.txt

@@ -7,12 +7,25 @@
    TODO  Tests\Features\DatasetsTests - 1 todo
   ↓ forbids to define tests in Datasets dirs and Datasets.php files
 
+   TODO  Tests\Features\Describe - 5 todos
+  ↓ todo
+  ↓ todo on hook → should not fail
+  ↓ todo on hook → should run
+  ↓ todo on describe → should not fail
+  ↓ todo on describe → should run
+
    TODO  Tests\Features\Todo - 3 todos
   ↓ something todo later
   ↓ something todo later chained
   ↓ something todo later chained and with function body
 
+   PASS  Tests\CustomTestCase\ChildTest
+  ✓ override method
+
    PASS  Tests\CustomTestCase\ExecutedTest
   ✓ that gets executed
 
-  Tests:    8 todos, 1 passed (1 assertions)
+   PASS  Tests\CustomTestCase\ParentTest
+  ✓ override method
+
+  Tests:    13 todos, 3 passed (3 assertions)

tests/.snapshots/version-command.txt

@@ -1,3 +0,0 @@
-
-  Pest Testing Framework 2.8.3.  
-

tests/Arch.php

@@ -30,4 +30,4 @@ test('contracts')
         'NunoMaduro\Collision\Contracts',
         'Pest\Factories\TestCaseMethodFactory',
         'Symfony\Component\Console',
-    ]);
+    ])->toBeInterfaces();

tests/Features/AfterEach.php

@@ -7,7 +7,11 @@ beforeEach(function () use ($state) {
 });
 
 afterEach(function () {
-    $this->state->bar = 2;
+    $this->state->bar = 1;
+});
+
+afterEach(function () {
+    unset($this->state->bar);
 });
 
 it('does not get executed before the test', function () {
@@ -18,3 +22,7 @@ it('gets executed after the test', function () {
     expect($this->state)->toHaveProperty('bar');
     expect($this->state->bar)->toBe(2);
 });
+
+afterEach(function () {
+    $this->state->bar = 2;
+});