extracted Expectations to a CoreExpectation class

src/CoreExpectation.php

@@ -0,0 +1,710 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace Pest;
+
+use BadMethodCallException;
+use Closure;
+use InvalidArgumentException;
+use Pest\Concerns\RetrievesValues;
+use Pest\Support\Arr;
+use Pest\Support\NullClosure;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\Assert;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\Constraint\Constraint;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\ExpectationFailedException;
+use ReflectionFunction;
+use ReflectionNamedType;
+use SebastianBergmann\Exporter\Exporter;
+use Throwable;
+
+/**
+ * @internal
+ *
+ * @template TValue
+ *
+ * @mixin Expectation
+ */
+final class CoreExpectation
+{
+    use RetrievesValues;
+
+    /**
+     * The exporter instance, if any.
+     *
+     * @readonly
+     */
+    private ?Exporter $exporter = null;
+
+    /**
+     * Creates a new expectation.
+     *
+     * @param TValue $value
+     */
+    public function __construct(
+        public mixed $value
+    ) {
+        // ..
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that two variables have the same type and
+     * value. Used on objects, it asserts that two
+     * variables reference the same object.
+     */
+    public function toBe(mixed $expected): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        Assert::assertSame($expected, $this->value);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the value is empty.
+     */
+    public function toBeEmpty(): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        Assert::assertEmpty($this->value);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the value is true.
+     */
+    public function toBeTrue(): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        Assert::assertTrue($this->value);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the value is truthy.
+     */
+    public function toBeTruthy(): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        Assert::assertTrue((bool) $this->value);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the value is false.
+     */
+    public function toBeFalse(): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        Assert::assertFalse($this->value);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the value is falsy.
+     */
+    public function toBeFalsy(): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        Assert::assertFalse((bool) $this->value);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the value is greater than $expected.
+     */
+    public function toBeGreaterThan(int|float $expected): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        Assert::assertGreaterThan($expected, $this->value);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the value is greater than or equal to $expected.
+     */
+    public function toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(int|float $expected): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        Assert::assertGreaterThanOrEqual($expected, $this->value);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the value is less than or equal to $expected.
+     */
+    public function toBeLessThan(int|float $expected): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        Assert::assertLessThan($expected, $this->value);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the value is less than $expected.
+     */
+    public function toBeLessThanOrEqual(int|float $expected): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        Assert::assertLessThanOrEqual($expected, $this->value);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that $needle is an element of the value.
+     */
+    public function toContain(mixed ...$needles): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        foreach ($needles as $needle) {
+            if (is_string($this->value)) {
+                Assert::assertStringContainsString($needle, $this->value);
+            } else {
+                Assert::assertContains($needle, $this->value);
+            }
+        }
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the value starts with $expected.
+     */
+    public function toStartWith(string $expected): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        Assert::assertStringStartsWith($expected, $this->value);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the value ends with $expected.
+     */
+    public function toEndWith(string $expected): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        Assert::assertStringEndsWith($expected, $this->value);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that $number matches value's Length.
+     */
+    public function toHaveLength(int $number): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        if (is_string($this->value)) {
+            Assert::assertEquals($number, mb_strlen($this->value));
+
+            return $this;
+        }
+
+        if (is_iterable($this->value)) {
+            return $this->toHaveCount($number);
+        }
+
+        if (is_object($this->value)) {
+            if (method_exists($this->value, 'toArray')) {
+                $array = $this->value->toArray();
+            } else {
+                $array = (array) $this->value;
+            }
+
+            Assert::assertCount($number, $array);
+
+            return $this;
+        }
+
+        throw new BadMethodCallException('CoreExpectation value length is not countable.');
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that $count matches the number of elements of the value.
+     */
+    public function toHaveCount(int $count): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        Assert::assertCount($count, $this->value);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the value contains the property $name.
+     */
+    public function toHaveProperty(string $name, mixed $value = null): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        $this->toBeObject();
+
+        Assert::assertTrue(property_exists($this->value, $name));
+
+        if (func_num_args() > 1) {
+            /* @phpstan-ignore-next-line */
+            Assert::assertEquals($value, $this->value->{$name});
+        }
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the value contains the provided properties $names.
+     *
+     * @param iterable<array-key, string> $names
+     */
+    public function toHaveProperties(iterable $names): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        foreach ($names as $name) {
+            $this->toHaveProperty($name);
+        }
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that two variables have the same value.
+     */
+    public function toEqual(mixed $expected): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        Assert::assertEquals($expected, $this->value);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that two variables have the same value.
+     * The contents of $expected and the $this->value are
+     * canonicalized before they are compared. For instance, when the two
+     * variables $expected and $this->value are arrays, then these arrays
+     * are sorted before they are compared. When $expected and $this->value
+     * are objects, each object is converted to an array containing all
+     * private, protected and public attributes.
+     */
+    public function toEqualCanonicalizing(mixed $expected): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        Assert::assertEqualsCanonicalizing($expected, $this->value);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the absolute difference between the value and $expected
+     * is lower than $delta.
+     */
+    public function toEqualWithDelta(mixed $expected, float $delta): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        Assert::assertEqualsWithDelta($expected, $this->value, $delta);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the value is one of the given values.
+     *
+     * @param iterable<int|string, mixed> $values
+     */
+    public function toBeIn(iterable $values): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        Assert::assertContains($this->value, $values);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the value is infinite.
+     */
+    public function toBeInfinite(): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        Assert::assertInfinite($this->value);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the value is an instance of $class.
+     *
+     * @param class-string $class
+     */
+    public function toBeInstanceOf(string $class): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        /* @phpstan-ignore-next-line */
+        Assert::assertInstanceOf($class, $this->value);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the value is an array.
+     */
+    public function toBeArray(): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        Assert::assertIsArray($this->value);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the value is of type bool.
+     */
+    public function toBeBool(): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        Assert::assertIsBool($this->value);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the value is of type callable.
+     */
+    public function toBeCallable(): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        Assert::assertIsCallable($this->value);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the value is of type float.
+     */
+    public function toBeFloat(): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        Assert::assertIsFloat($this->value);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the value is of type int.
+     */
+    public function toBeInt(): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        Assert::assertIsInt($this->value);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the value is of type iterable.
+     */
+    public function toBeIterable(): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        Assert::assertIsIterable($this->value);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the value is of type numeric.
+     */
+    public function toBeNumeric(): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        Assert::assertIsNumeric($this->value);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the value is of type object.
+     */
+    public function toBeObject(): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        Assert::assertIsObject($this->value);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the value is of type resource.
+     */
+    public function toBeResource(): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        Assert::assertIsResource($this->value);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the value is of type scalar.
+     */
+    public function toBeScalar(): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        Assert::assertIsScalar($this->value);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the value is of type string.
+     */
+    public function toBeString(): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        Assert::assertIsString($this->value);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the value is a JSON string.
+     */
+    public function toBeJson(): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        Assert::assertIsString($this->value);
+        Assert::assertJson($this->value);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the value is NAN.
+     */
+    public function toBeNan(): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        Assert::assertNan($this->value);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the value is null.
+     */
+    public function toBeNull(): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        Assert::assertNull($this->value);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the value array has the provided $key.
+     */
+    public function toHaveKey(string|int $key, mixed $value = null): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        if (is_object($this->value) && method_exists($this->value, 'toArray')) {
+            $array = $this->value->toArray();
+        } else {
+            $array = (array) $this->value;
+        }
+
+        try {
+            Assert::assertTrue(Arr::has($array, $key));
+
+            /* @phpstan-ignore-next-line  */
+        } catch (ExpectationFailedException $exception) {
+            throw new ExpectationFailedException("Failed asserting that an array has the key '$key'", $exception->getComparisonFailure());
+        }
+
+        if (func_num_args() > 1) {
+            Assert::assertEquals($value, Arr::get($array, $key));
+        }
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the value array has the provided $keys.
+     *
+     * @param array<int, int|string> $keys
+     */
+    public function toHaveKeys(array $keys): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        foreach ($keys as $key) {
+            $this->toHaveKey($key);
+        }
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the value is a directory.
+     */
+    public function toBeDirectory(): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        Assert::assertDirectoryExists($this->value);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the value is a directory and is readable.
+     */
+    public function toBeReadableDirectory(): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        Assert::assertDirectoryIsReadable($this->value);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the value is a directory and is writable.
+     */
+    public function toBeWritableDirectory(): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        Assert::assertDirectoryIsWritable($this->value);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the value is a file.
+     */
+    public function toBeFile(): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        Assert::assertFileExists($this->value);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the value is a file and is readable.
+     */
+    public function toBeReadableFile(): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        Assert::assertFileIsReadable($this->value);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the value is a file and is writable.
+     */
+    public function toBeWritableFile(): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        Assert::assertFileIsWritable($this->value);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the value array matches the given array subset.
+     *
+     * @param iterable<int|string, mixed> $array
+     */
+    public function toMatchArray(iterable|object $array): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        if (is_object($this->value) && method_exists($this->value, 'toArray')) {
+            $valueAsArray = $this->value->toArray();
+        } else {
+            $valueAsArray = (array) $this->value;
+        }
+
+        foreach ($array as $key => $value) {
+            Assert::assertArrayHasKey($key, $valueAsArray);
+
+            Assert::assertEquals(
+                $value,
+                $valueAsArray[$key],
+                sprintf(
+                    'Failed asserting that an array has a key %s with the value %s.',
+                    $this->export($key),
+                    $this->export($valueAsArray[$key]),
+                ),
+            );
+        }
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the value object matches a subset
+     * of the properties of an given object.
+     *
+     * @param iterable<string, mixed>|object $object
+     */
+    public function toMatchObject(iterable|object $object): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        foreach ((array) $object as $property => $value) {
+            Assert::assertTrue(property_exists($this->value, $property));
+
+            /* @phpstan-ignore-next-line */
+            $propertyValue = $this->value->{$property};
+            Assert::assertEquals(
+                $value,
+                $propertyValue,
+                sprintf(
+                    'Failed asserting that an object has a property %s with the value %s.',
+                    $this->export($property),
+                    $this->export($propertyValue),
+                ),
+            );
+        }
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the value matches a regular expression.
+     */
+    public function toMatch(string $expression): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        Assert::assertMatchesRegularExpression($expression, $this->value);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that the value matches a constraint.
+     */
+    public function toMatchConstraint(Constraint $constraint): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        Assert::assertThat($this->value, $constraint);
+
+        return $this;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Asserts that executing value throws an exception.
+     *
+     * @param (Closure(Throwable): mixed)|string $exception
+     */
+    public function toThrow(callable|string $exception, string $exceptionMessage = null): CoreExpectation
+    {
+        $callback = NullClosure::create();
+
+        if ($exception instanceof Closure) {
+            $callback   = $exception;
+            $parameters = (new ReflectionFunction($exception))->getParameters();
+
+            if (1 !== count($parameters)) {
+                throw new InvalidArgumentException('The given closure must have a single parameter type-hinted as the class string.');
+            }
+
+            if (!($type = $parameters[0]->getType()) instanceof ReflectionNamedType) {
+                throw new InvalidArgumentException('The given closure\'s parameter must be type-hinted as the class string.');
+            }
+
+            $exception = $type->getName();
+        }
+
+        try {
+            ($this->value)();
+        } catch (Throwable $e) { // @phpstan-ignore-line
+            if (!class_exists($exception)) {
+                Assert::assertStringContainsString($exception, $e->getMessage());
+
+                return $this;
+            }
+
+            if ($exceptionMessage !== null) {
+                Assert::assertStringContainsString($exceptionMessage, $e->getMessage());
+            }
+
+            Assert::assertInstanceOf($exception, $e);
+            $callback($e);
+
+            return $this;
+        }
+
+        if (!class_exists($exception)) {
+            throw new ExpectationFailedException("Exception with message \"$exception\" not thrown.");
+        }
+
+        throw new ExpectationFailedException("Exception \"$exception\" not thrown.");
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Exports the given value.
+     */
+    private function export(mixed $value): string
+    {
+        if ($this->exporter === null) {
+            $this->exporter = new Exporter();
+        }
+
+        return $this->exporter->export($value);
+    }
+}

src/Exceptions/ExpectationNotFoundException.php

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace Pest\Exceptions;
+
+use InvalidArgumentException;
+
+/**
+ * @internal
+ */
+final class ExpectationNotFoundException extends InvalidArgumentException
+{
+    public function __construct(string $expectationName)
+    {
+        parent::__construct(sprintf("Impossible to find [%s] expectation", $expectationName));
+    }
+
+}

src/Expectation.php

@@ -6,18 +6,12 @@ namespace Pest;
 
 use BadMethodCallException;
 use Closure;
-use InvalidArgumentException;
 use Pest\Concerns\Extendable;
 use Pest\Concerns\RetrievesValues;
-use Pest\Support\Arr;
-use Pest\Support\NullClosure;
+use Pest\Exceptions\ExpectationNotFoundException;
 use PHPUnit\Framework\Assert;
-use PHPUnit\Framework\Constraint\Constraint;
 use PHPUnit\Framework\ExpectationFailedException;
-use ReflectionFunction;
-use ReflectionNamedType;
 use SebastianBergmann\Exporter\Exporter;
-use Throwable;
 
 /**
  * @internal
@@ -25,7 +19,9 @@ use Throwable;
  * @template TValue
  *
  * @property Expectation $not  Creates the opposite expectation.
- * @property Each        $each Creates an expectation on each element on the traversable value.
+ * @property Each $each Creates an expectation on each element on the traversable value.
+ *
+ * @mixin CoreExpectation
  */
 final class Expectation
 {
@@ -33,22 +29,16 @@ final class Expectation
         __call as __extendsCall;
     }
 
-    /**
-     * The exporter instance, if any.
-     *
-     * @readonly
-     */
-    private ?Exporter $exporter = null;
+    private CoreExpectation $coreExpectation;
 
     /**
      * Creates a new expectation.
      *
      * @param TValue $value
      */
-    public function __construct(
-        public mixed $value
-    ) {
-        // ..
+    public function __construct(mixed $value)
+    {
+        $this->coreExpectation = new CoreExpectation($value);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -143,16 +133,16 @@ final class Expectation
             throw new BadMethodCallException('Expectation value is not iterable.');
         }
 
-        $value          = is_array($this->value) ? $this->value : iterator_to_array($this->value);
-        $keys           = array_keys($value);
-        $values         = array_values($value);
+        $value = is_array($this->value) ? $this->value : iterator_to_array($this->value);
+        $keys = array_keys($value);
+        $values = array_values($value);
         $callbacksCount = count($callbacks);
 
         $index = 0;
 
         while (count($callbacks) < count($values)) {
             $callbacks[] = $callbacks[$index];
-            $index       = $index < count($values) - 1 ? $index + 1 : 0;
+            $index = $index < count($values) - 1 ? $index + 1 : 0;
         }
 
         if ($callbacksCount > count($values)) {
@@ -185,7 +175,7 @@ final class Expectation
             ? $subject
             : fn () => $subject;
 
-        $subject   = $subject();
+        $subject = $subject();
 
         $matched = false;
 
@@ -251,667 +241,6 @@ final class Expectation
         return $this;
     }
 
-    /**
-     * Asserts that two variables have the same type and
-     * value. Used on objects, it asserts that two
-     * variables reference the same object.
-     */
-    public function toBe(mixed $expected): Expectation
-    {
-        Assert::assertSame($expected, $this->value);
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that the value is empty.
-     */
-    public function toBeEmpty(): Expectation
-    {
-        Assert::assertEmpty($this->value);
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that the value is true.
-     */
-    public function toBeTrue(): Expectation
-    {
-        Assert::assertTrue($this->value);
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that the value is truthy.
-     */
-    public function toBeTruthy(): Expectation
-    {
-        Assert::assertTrue((bool) $this->value);
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that the value is false.
-     */
-    public function toBeFalse(): Expectation
-    {
-        Assert::assertFalse($this->value);
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that the value is falsy.
-     */
-    public function toBeFalsy(): Expectation
-    {
-        Assert::assertFalse((bool) $this->value);
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that the value is greater than $expected.
-     */
-    public function toBeGreaterThan(int|float $expected): Expectation
-    {
-        Assert::assertGreaterThan($expected, $this->value);
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that the value is greater than or equal to $expected.
-     */
-    public function toBeGreaterThanOrEqual(int|float $expected): Expectation
-    {
-        Assert::assertGreaterThanOrEqual($expected, $this->value);
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that the value is less than or equal to $expected.
-     */
-    public function toBeLessThan(int|float $expected): Expectation
-    {
-        Assert::assertLessThan($expected, $this->value);
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that the value is less than $expected.
-     */
-    public function toBeLessThanOrEqual(int|float $expected): Expectation
-    {
-        Assert::assertLessThanOrEqual($expected, $this->value);
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that $needle is an element of the value.
-     */
-    public function toContain(mixed ...$needles): Expectation
-    {
-        foreach ($needles as $needle) {
-            if (is_string($this->value)) {
-                Assert::assertStringContainsString($needle, $this->value);
-            } else {
-                Assert::assertContains($needle, $this->value);
-            }
-        }
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that the value starts with $expected.
-     */
-    public function toStartWith(string $expected): Expectation
-    {
-        Assert::assertStringStartsWith($expected, $this->value);
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that the value ends with $expected.
-     */
-    public function toEndWith(string $expected): Expectation
-    {
-        Assert::assertStringEndsWith($expected, $this->value);
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that $number matches value's Length.
-     */
-    public function toHaveLength(int $number): Expectation
-    {
-        if (is_string($this->value)) {
-            Assert::assertEquals($number, mb_strlen($this->value));
-
-            return $this;
-        }
-
-        if (is_iterable($this->value)) {
-            return $this->toHaveCount($number);
-        }
-
-        if (is_object($this->value)) {
-            if (method_exists($this->value, 'toArray')) {
-                $array = $this->value->toArray();
-            } else {
-                $array = (array) $this->value;
-            }
-
-            Assert::assertCount($number, $array);
-
-            return $this;
-        }
-
-        throw new BadMethodCallException('Expectation value length is not countable.');
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that $count matches the number of elements of the value.
-     */
-    public function toHaveCount(int $count): Expectation
-    {
-        Assert::assertCount($count, $this->value);
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that the value contains the property $name.
-     */
-    public function toHaveProperty(string $name, mixed $value = null): Expectation
-    {
-        $this->toBeObject();
-
-        Assert::assertTrue(property_exists($this->value, $name));
-
-        if (func_num_args() > 1) {
-            /* @phpstan-ignore-next-line */
-            Assert::assertEquals($value, $this->value->{$name});
-        }
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that the value contains the provided properties $names.
-     *
-     * @param iterable<array-key, string> $names
-     */
-    public function toHaveProperties(iterable $names): Expectation
-    {
-        foreach ($names as $name) {
-            $this->toHaveProperty($name);
-        }
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that two variables have the same value.
-     */
-    public function toEqual(mixed $expected): Expectation
-    {
-        Assert::assertEquals($expected, $this->value);
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that two variables have the same value.
-     * The contents of $expected and the $this->value are
-     * canonicalized before they are compared. For instance, when the two
-     * variables $expected and $this->value are arrays, then these arrays
-     * are sorted before they are compared. When $expected and $this->value
-     * are objects, each object is converted to an array containing all
-     * private, protected and public attributes.
-     */
-    public function toEqualCanonicalizing(mixed $expected): Expectation
-    {
-        Assert::assertEqualsCanonicalizing($expected, $this->value);
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that the absolute difference between the value and $expected
-     * is lower than $delta.
-     */
-    public function toEqualWithDelta(mixed $expected, float $delta): Expectation
-    {
-        Assert::assertEqualsWithDelta($expected, $this->value, $delta);
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that the value is one of the given values.
-     *
-     * @param iterable<int|string, mixed> $values
-     */
-    public function toBeIn(iterable $values): Expectation
-    {
-        Assert::assertContains($this->value, $values);
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that the value is infinite.
-     */
-    public function toBeInfinite(): Expectation
-    {
-        Assert::assertInfinite($this->value);
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that the value is an instance of $class.
-     *
-     * @param class-string $class
-     */
-    public function toBeInstanceOf(string $class): Expectation
-    {
-        /* @phpstan-ignore-next-line */
-        Assert::assertInstanceOf($class, $this->value);
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that the value is an array.
-     */
-    public function toBeArray(): Expectation
-    {
-        Assert::assertIsArray($this->value);
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that the value is of type bool.
-     */
-    public function toBeBool(): Expectation
-    {
-        Assert::assertIsBool($this->value);
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that the value is of type callable.
-     */
-    public function toBeCallable(): Expectation
-    {
-        Assert::assertIsCallable($this->value);
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that the value is of type float.
-     */
-    public function toBeFloat(): Expectation
-    {
-        Assert::assertIsFloat($this->value);
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that the value is of type int.
-     */
-    public function toBeInt(): Expectation
-    {
-        Assert::assertIsInt($this->value);
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that the value is of type iterable.
-     */
-    public function toBeIterable(): Expectation
-    {
-        Assert::assertIsIterable($this->value);
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that the value is of type numeric.
-     */
-    public function toBeNumeric(): Expectation
-    {
-        Assert::assertIsNumeric($this->value);
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that the value is of type object.
-     */
-    public function toBeObject(): Expectation
-    {
-        Assert::assertIsObject($this->value);
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that the value is of type resource.
-     */
-    public function toBeResource(): Expectation
-    {
-        Assert::assertIsResource($this->value);
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that the value is of type scalar.
-     */
-    public function toBeScalar(): Expectation
-    {
-        Assert::assertIsScalar($this->value);
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that the value is of type string.
-     */
-    public function toBeString(): Expectation
-    {
-        Assert::assertIsString($this->value);
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that the value is a JSON string.
-     */
-    public function toBeJson(): Expectation
-    {
-        Assert::assertIsString($this->value);
-        Assert::assertJson($this->value);
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that the value is NAN.
-     */
-    public function toBeNan(): Expectation
-    {
-        Assert::assertNan($this->value);
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that the value is null.
-     */
-    public function toBeNull(): Expectation
-    {
-        Assert::assertNull($this->value);
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that the value array has the provided $key.
-     */
-    public function toHaveKey(string|int $key, mixed $value = null): Expectation
-    {
-        if (is_object($this->value) && method_exists($this->value, 'toArray')) {
-            $array = $this->value->toArray();
-        } else {
-            $array = (array) $this->value;
-        }
-
-        try {
-            Assert::assertTrue(Arr::has($array, $key));
-
-            /* @phpstan-ignore-next-line  */
-        } catch (ExpectationFailedException $exception) {
-            throw new ExpectationFailedException("Failed asserting that an array has the key '$key'", $exception->getComparisonFailure());
-        }
-
-        if (func_num_args() > 1) {
-            Assert::assertEquals($value, Arr::get($array, $key));
-        }
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that the value array has the provided $keys.
-     *
-     * @param array<int, int|string> $keys
-     */
-    public function toHaveKeys(array $keys): Expectation
-    {
-        foreach ($keys as $key) {
-            $this->toHaveKey($key);
-        }
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that the value is a directory.
-     */
-    public function toBeDirectory(): Expectation
-    {
-        Assert::assertDirectoryExists($this->value);
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that the value is a directory and is readable.
-     */
-    public function toBeReadableDirectory(): Expectation
-    {
-        Assert::assertDirectoryIsReadable($this->value);
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that the value is a directory and is writable.
-     */
-    public function toBeWritableDirectory(): Expectation
-    {
-        Assert::assertDirectoryIsWritable($this->value);
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that the value is a file.
-     */
-    public function toBeFile(): Expectation
-    {
-        Assert::assertFileExists($this->value);
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that the value is a file and is readable.
-     */
-    public function toBeReadableFile(): Expectation
-    {
-        Assert::assertFileIsReadable($this->value);
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that the value is a file and is writable.
-     */
-    public function toBeWritableFile(): Expectation
-    {
-        Assert::assertFileIsWritable($this->value);
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that the value array matches the given array subset.
-     *
-     * @param iterable<int|string, mixed> $array
-     */
-    public function toMatchArray(iterable|object $array): Expectation
-    {
-        if (is_object($this->value) && method_exists($this->value, 'toArray')) {
-            $valueAsArray = $this->value->toArray();
-        } else {
-            $valueAsArray = (array) $this->value;
-        }
-
-        foreach ($array as $key => $value) {
-            Assert::assertArrayHasKey($key, $valueAsArray);
-
-            Assert::assertEquals(
-                $value,
-                $valueAsArray[$key],
-                sprintf(
-                    'Failed asserting that an array has a key %s with the value %s.',
-                    $this->export($key),
-                    $this->export($valueAsArray[$key]),
-                ),
-            );
-        }
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that the value object matches a subset
-     * of the properties of an given object.
-     *
-     * @param iterable<string, mixed>|object $object
-     */
-    public function toMatchObject(iterable|object $object): Expectation
-    {
-        foreach ((array) $object as $property => $value) {
-            Assert::assertTrue(property_exists($this->value, $property));
-
-            /* @phpstan-ignore-next-line */
-            $propertyValue = $this->value->{$property};
-            Assert::assertEquals(
-                $value,
-                $propertyValue,
-                sprintf(
-                    'Failed asserting that an object has a property %s with the value %s.',
-                    $this->export($property),
-                    $this->export($propertyValue),
-                ),
-            );
-        }
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that the value matches a regular expression.
-     */
-    public function toMatch(string $expression): Expectation
-    {
-        Assert::assertMatchesRegularExpression($expression, $this->value);
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that the value matches a constraint.
-     */
-    public function toMatchConstraint(Constraint $constraint): Expectation
-    {
-        Assert::assertThat($this->value, $constraint);
-
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Asserts that executing value throws an exception.
-     *
-     * @param (Closure(Throwable): mixed)|string $exception
-     */
-    public function toThrow(callable|string $exception, string $exceptionMessage = null): Expectation
-    {
-        $callback = NullClosure::create();
-
-        if ($exception instanceof Closure) {
-            $callback   = $exception;
-            $parameters = (new ReflectionFunction($exception))->getParameters();
-
-            if (1 !== count($parameters)) {
-                throw new InvalidArgumentException('The given closure must have a single parameter type-hinted as the class string.');
-            }
-
-            if (!($type = $parameters[0]->getType()) instanceof ReflectionNamedType) {
-                throw new InvalidArgumentException('The given closure\'s parameter must be type-hinted as the class string.');
-            }
-
-            $exception = $type->getName();
-        }
-
-        try {
-            ($this->value)();
-        } catch (Throwable $e) { // @phpstan-ignore-line
-            if (!class_exists($exception)) {
-                Assert::assertStringContainsString($exception, $e->getMessage());
-
-                return $this;
-            }
-
-            if ($exceptionMessage !== null) {
-                Assert::assertStringContainsString($exceptionMessage, $e->getMessage());
-            }
-
-            Assert::assertInstanceOf($exception, $e);
-            $callback($e);
-
-            return $this;
-        }
-
-        if (!class_exists($exception)) {
-            throw new ExpectationFailedException("Exception with message \"{$exception}\" not thrown.");
-        }
-
-        throw new ExpectationFailedException("Exception \"{$exception}\" not thrown.");
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Exports the given value.
-     */
-    private function export(mixed $value): string
-    {
-        if ($this->exporter === null) {
-            $this->exporter = new Exporter();
-        }
-
-        return $this->exporter->export($value);
-    }
-
     /**
      * Dynamically handle calls to the class or
      * creates a new higher order expectation.
@@ -922,25 +251,67 @@ final class Expectation
      */
     public function __call(string $method, array $parameters)
     {
-        if (!static::hasExtend($method)) {
+        if (!$this->hasExpectation($method)) {
             /* @phpstan-ignore-next-line */
             return new HigherOrderExpectation($this, $this->value->$method(...$parameters));
         }
 
-        return $this->__extendsCall($method, $parameters);
+        $this->getExpectationClosure($method)(...$parameters);
+
+        return $this;
     }
 
     /**
      * Dynamically calls methods on the class without any arguments
      * or creates a new higher order expectation.
      */
-    public function __get(string $name): Expectation|OppositeExpectation|Each|HigherOrderExpectation
+    public function __get(string $name): mixed
     {
-        if (!method_exists($this, $name) && !static::hasExtend($name)) {
+        if ($name === 'value') {
+            return $this->coreExpectation->value;
+        }
+
+        if (!method_exists($this, $name) && !method_exists($this->coreExpectation, $name) && !self::hasExtend($name)) {
             return new HigherOrderExpectation($this, $this->retrieve($name, $this->value));
         }
 
         /* @phpstan-ignore-next-line */
         return $this->{$name}();
     }
+
+    private function hasExpectation(string $name): bool
+    {
+        if (method_exists($this->coreExpectation, $name)) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        if (self::hasExtend($name)) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    private function getExpectationClosure(string $name): Closure
+    {
+        if (method_exists($this->coreExpectation, $name)) {
+            /** @phpstan-ignore-next-line */
+            return Closure::fromCallable([$this->coreExpectation, $name]);
+        }
+
+        if (self::hasExtend($name)) {
+            $extend = self::$extends[$name]->bindTo($this, Expectation::class);
+
+            if ($extend != false) {
+                return $extend;
+            }
+        }
+
+        throw new ExpectationNotFoundException($name);
+    }
+
+    public static function hasMethod(string $name): bool
+    {
+        return method_exists(CoreExpectation::class, $name);
+    }
 }

src/HigherOrderExpectation.php

@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ final class HigherOrderExpectation
      */
     private function expectationHasMethod(string $name): bool
     {
-        return method_exists($this->original, $name) || $this->original::hasExtend($name);
+        return method_exists($this->original, $name) || $this->original::hasMethod($name) || $this->original::hasExtend($name);
     }
 
     /**