diff --git a/src/Expectation.php b/src/Expectation.php
index fabc51f8..5d32c195 100644
--- a/src/Expectation.php
+++ b/src/Expectation.php
@@ -5,13 +5,19 @@ declare(strict_types=1);
 namespace Pest;
 
 use BadMethodCallException;
+use Closure;
+use LogicException;
 use Pest\Concerns\Extendable;
 use Pest\Concerns\RetrievesValues;
 use Pest\Support\Arr;
+use Pest\Support\NullClosure;
 use PHPUnit\Framework\Assert;
 use PHPUnit\Framework\Constraint\Constraint;
 use PHPUnit\Framework\ExpectationFailedException;
+use ReflectionFunction;
+use ReflectionNamedType;
 use SebastianBergmann\Exporter\Exporter;
+use Throwable;
 
 /**
  * @internal
@@ -749,6 +755,57 @@ final class Expectation
         return $this;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Asserts that executing value throws an exception.
+     *
+     * @param string|Closure $exception string: the exception class
+     *                                  Closure: first parameter = exception class
+     */
+    public function toThrow($exception, string $exceptionMessage = null): Expectation
+    {
+        $callback = NullClosure::create();
+
+        if ($exception instanceof Closure) {
+            $callback   = $exception;
+            $parameters = (new ReflectionFunction($exception))->getParameters();
+
+            if (1 !== count($parameters)) {
+                throw new LogicException('The "toThrow" closure must have a single parameter type-hinted as the class string');
+            }
+
+            if (!($type = $parameters[0]->getType()) instanceof ReflectionNamedType) {
+                throw new LogicException('The "toThrow" closure\'s parameter must be type-hinted as the class string');
+            }
+
+            $exception = $type->getName();
+        }
+
+        try {
+            ($this->value)();
+        } catch (Throwable $e) {
+            if (!class_exists($exception)) {
+                Assert::assertStringContainsString($exception, $e->getMessage());
+
+                return $this;
+            }
+
+            if ($exceptionMessage) {
+                Assert::assertStringContainsString($exceptionMessage, $e->getMessage());
+            }
+
+            Assert::assertInstanceOf($exception, $e);
+            $callback($e);
+
+            return $this;
+        }
+
+        if (!class_exists($exception)) {
+            throw new ExpectationFailedException("Exception with message \"{$exception}\" not thrown.");
+        }
+
+        throw new ExpectationFailedException("Exception \"{$exception}\" not thrown.");
+    }
+
     /**
      * Exports the given value.
      *
diff --git a/tests/Features/Expect/toThrow.php b/tests/Features/Expect/toThrow.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..290003eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Features/Expect/toThrow.php
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+<?php
+
+use PHPUnit\Framework\ExpectationFailedException;
+
+test('passes', function () {
+    expect(function () { throw new RuntimeException(); })->toThrow(RuntimeException::class);
+    expect(function () { throw new RuntimeException(); })->toThrow(Exception::class);
+    expect(function () { throw new RuntimeException(); })->toThrow(function (RuntimeException $e) {});
+    expect(function () { throw new RuntimeException('actual message'); })->toThrow(function (Exception $e) {
+        expect($e->getMessage())->toBe('actual message');
+    });
+    expect(function () {})->not->toThrow(Exception::class);
+    expect(function () { throw new RuntimeException('actual message'); })->toThrow('actual message');
+    expect(function () { throw new Exception(); })->not->toThrow(RuntimeException::class);
+    expect(function () { throw new RuntimeException('actual message'); })->toThrow(RuntimeException::class, 'actual message');
+    expect(function () { throw new RuntimeException('actual message'); })->toThrow(function (RuntimeException $e) {}, 'actual message');
+});
+
+test('failures 1', function () {
+    expect(function () {})->toThrow(RuntimeException::class);
+})->throws(ExpectationFailedException::class, 'Exception "' . RuntimeException::class . '" not thrown.');
+
+test('failures 2', function () {
+    expect(function () {})->toThrow(function (RuntimeException $e) {});
+})->throws(ExpectationFailedException::class, 'Exception "' . RuntimeException::class . '" not thrown.');
+
+test('failures 3', function () {
+    expect(function () { throw new Exception(); })->toThrow(function (RuntimeException $e) {});
+})->throws(ExpectationFailedException::class, 'Failed asserting that Exception Object');
+
+test('failures 4', function () {
+    expect(function () { throw new Exception('actual message'); })
+        ->toThrow(function (Exception $e) {
+            expect($e->getMessage())->toBe('expected message');
+        });
+})->throws(ExpectationFailedException::class, 'Failed asserting that two strings are identical');
+
+test('failures 5', function () {
+    expect(function () { throw new Exception('actual message'); })->toThrow('expected message');
+})->throws(ExpectationFailedException::class, 'Failed asserting that \'actual message\' contains "expected message".');
+
+test('failures 6', function () {
+    expect(function () {})->toThrow('actual message');
+})->throws(ExpectationFailedException::class, 'Exception with message "actual message" not thrown');
+
+test('failures 7', function () {
+    expect(function () { throw new RuntimeException('actual message'); })->toThrow(RuntimeException::class, 'expected message');
+})->throws(ExpectationFailedException::class);
+
+test('not failures', function () {
+    expect(function () { throw new RuntimeException(); })->not->toThrow(RuntimeException::class);
+})->throws(ExpectationFailedException::class);
+
+test('closure missing parameter', function () {
+    expect(function () {})->toThrow(function () {});
+})->throws(LogicException::class, 'The "toThrow" closure must have a single parameter type-hinted as the class string');
+
+test('closure missing type-hint', function () {
+    expect(function () {})->toThrow(function ($e) {});
+})->throws(LogicException::class, 'The "toThrow" closure\'s parameter must be type-hinted as the class string');