diff --git a/src/Bootstrappers/BootFiles.php b/src/Bootstrappers/BootFiles.php
index 765d0843..13ad0504 100644
--- a/src/Bootstrappers/BootFiles.php
+++ b/src/Bootstrappers/BootFiles.php
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ use function Pest\testDirectory;
 use Pest\TestSuite;
 use RecursiveDirectoryIterator;
 use RecursiveIteratorIterator;
+use SebastianBergmann\FileIterator\Facade as PhpUnitFileIterator;
 
 /**
  * @internal
@@ -21,8 +22,6 @@ final class BootFiles
      * @var array<int, string>
      */
     private const STRUCTURE = [
-        'Datasets',
-        'Datasets.php',
         'Expectations',
         'Expectations.php',
         'Helpers',
@@ -56,6 +55,8 @@ final class BootFiles
                 $this->load($filename);
             }
         }
+
+        $this->bootDatasets($testsPath);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -73,4 +74,26 @@ final class BootFiles
 
         include_once $filename;
     }
+
+    private function bootDatasets(string $testsPath): void
+    {
+        $files = (new PhpUnitFileIterator)->getFilesAsArray($testsPath, '.php');
+
+        foreach ($files as $fullPath) {
+            $filename = Str::afterLast($fullPath, DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR);
+
+            if ($filename === 'Datasets.php') {
+                $this->load($fullPath);
+
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            $directoryFullPath = Str::beforeLast($fullPath, DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR);
+            $directory = Str::afterLast($directoryFullPath, DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR);
+
+            if ($directory === 'Datasets') {
+                $this->load($fullPath);
+            }
+        }
+    }
 }
diff --git a/src/Exceptions/DatasetAlreadyExist.php b/src/Exceptions/DatasetAlreadyExist.php
index b5276329..91146997 100644
--- a/src/Exceptions/DatasetAlreadyExist.php
+++ b/src/Exceptions/DatasetAlreadyExist.php
@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@ final class DatasetAlreadyExist extends InvalidArgumentException implements Exce
     /**
      * Creates a new Exception instance.
      */
-    public function __construct(string $name)
+    public function __construct(string $name, string $scope)
     {
-        parent::__construct(sprintf('A dataset with the name `%s` already exist.', $name));
+        parent::__construct(sprintf('A dataset with the name `%s` already exist in scope [%s].', $name, $scope));
     }
 }
diff --git a/src/Functions.php b/src/Functions.php
index 50571727..a1dad4fe 100644
--- a/src/Functions.php
+++ b/src/Functions.php
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ use Pest\PendingCalls\UsesCall;
 use Pest\Repositories\DatasetsRepository;
 use Pest\Support\Backtrace;
 use Pest\Support\HigherOrderTapProxy;
+use Pest\Support\Str;
 use Pest\TestSuite;
 use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
 
@@ -60,7 +61,17 @@ if (! function_exists('dataset')) {
      */
     function dataset(string $name, Closure|iterable $dataset): void
     {
-        DatasetsRepository::set($name, $dataset);
+        $file = Backtrace::datasetsFile();
+        $filename = Str::afterLast($file, DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR);
+        $scope = Str::beforeLast($file, DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR);
+
+        if (Str::afterLast($scope, DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR) === 'Datasets') {
+            $scope = Str::beforeLast($scope, DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR);
+        } elseif ($filename !== 'Datasets.php') {
+            $scope = $file;
+        }
+
+        DatasetsRepository::set($name, $dataset, $scope);
     }
 }
 
diff --git a/src/Repositories/DatasetsRepository.php b/src/Repositories/DatasetsRepository.php
index f6874fc3..d9f06874 100644
--- a/src/Repositories/DatasetsRepository.php
+++ b/src/Repositories/DatasetsRepository.php
@@ -36,13 +36,15 @@ final class DatasetsRepository
      *
      * @param  Closure|iterable<int|string, mixed>  $data
      */
-    public static function set(string $name, Closure|iterable $data): void
+    public static function set(string $name, Closure|iterable $data, string $scope): void
     {
-        if (array_key_exists($name, self::$datasets)) {
-            throw new DatasetAlreadyExist($name);
+        $datasetKey = "$scope>>>$name";
+
+        if (array_key_exists("$datasetKey", self::$datasets)) {
+            throw new DatasetAlreadyExist($name, $scope);
         }
 
-        self::$datasets[$name] = $data;
+        self::$datasets[$datasetKey] = $data;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -52,7 +54,7 @@ final class DatasetsRepository
      */
     public static function with(string $filename, string $description, array $with): void
     {
-        self::$withs[$filename.'>>>'.$description] = $with;
+        self::$withs["$filename>>>$description"] = $with;
     }
 
     public static function has(string $filename, string $description): bool
@@ -67,9 +69,10 @@ final class DatasetsRepository
      */
     public static function get(string $filename, string $description)
     {
+        // dump("requesting file: " . $filename);
         $dataset = self::$withs[$filename.'>>>'.$description];
 
-        $dataset = self::resolve($description, $dataset);
+        $dataset = self::resolve($dataset, $filename);
 
         if ($dataset === null) {
             throw ShouldNotHappen::fromMessage('Dataset [%s] not resolvable.');
@@ -84,14 +87,14 @@ final class DatasetsRepository
      * @param  array<Closure|iterable<int|string, mixed>|string>  $dataset
      * @return array<string, mixed>|null
      */
-    public static function resolve(string $description, array $dataset): array|null
+    public static function resolve(array $dataset, string $currentTestFile): array|null
     {
         /* @phpstan-ignore-next-line */
         if (empty($dataset)) {
             return null;
         }
 
-        $dataset = self::processDatasets($dataset);
+        $dataset = self::processDatasets($dataset, $currentTestFile);
 
         $datasetCombinations = self::getDatasetsCombinations($dataset);
 
@@ -132,11 +135,45 @@ final class DatasetsRepository
         return $namedData;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return Closure|iterable<int|string, mixed>
+     */
+    private static function getScopedDataset(string $name, string $currentTestFile)
+    {
+        $matchingDatasets = array_filter(self::$datasets, function (string $key) use ($name, $currentTestFile) {
+            [$datasetScope, $datasetName] = explode('>>>', $key);
+
+            if ($name !== $datasetName) {
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            if (! str_starts_with($currentTestFile, $datasetScope)) {
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            return true;
+        }, ARRAY_FILTER_USE_KEY);
+
+        $closestScopeDatasetKey = array_reduce(array_keys($matchingDatasets), function ($keyA, $keyB) {
+            if ($keyA === null) {
+                return $keyB;
+            }
+
+            return strlen($keyA) > strlen($keyB) ? $keyA : $keyB;
+        });
+
+        if ($closestScopeDatasetKey === null) {
+            throw new DatasetDoesNotExist($name);
+        }
+
+        return $matchingDatasets[$closestScopeDatasetKey];
+    }
+
     /**
      * @param  array<Closure|iterable<int|string, mixed>|string>  $datasets
      * @return array<array<mixed>>
      */
-    private static function processDatasets(array $datasets): array
+    private static function processDatasets(array $datasets, string $currentTestFile): array
     {
         $processedDatasets = [];
 
@@ -144,11 +181,7 @@ final class DatasetsRepository
             $processedDataset = [];
 
             if (is_string($data)) {
-                if (! array_key_exists($data, self::$datasets)) {
-                    throw new DatasetDoesNotExist($data);
-                }
-
-                $datasets[$index] = self::$datasets[$data];
+                $datasets[$index] = self::getScopedDataset($data, $currentTestFile);
             }
 
             if (is_callable($datasets[$index])) {
diff --git a/src/Support/Backtrace.php b/src/Support/Backtrace.php
index 56ac4fc9..beccedac 100644
--- a/src/Support/Backtrace.php
+++ b/src/Support/Backtrace.php
@@ -42,6 +42,30 @@ final class Backtrace
         return $current[self::FILE];
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Returns the current datasets file.
+     */
+    public static function datasetsFile(): string
+    {
+        $current = null;
+
+        foreach (debug_backtrace(self::BACKTRACE_OPTIONS) as $trace) {
+            assert(array_key_exists(self::FILE, $trace));
+
+            if (Str::endsWith($trace['file'], 'Bootstrappers/BootFiles.php') || Str::endsWith($trace[self::FILE], 'overrides/Runner/TestSuiteLoader.php')) {
+                break;
+            }
+
+            $current = $trace;
+        }
+
+        if ($current === null) {
+            throw ShouldNotHappen::fromMessage('Dataset file not found.');
+        }
+
+        return $current[self::FILE];
+    }
+
     /**
      * Returns the filename that called the current function/method.
      */
diff --git a/src/Support/Str.php b/src/Support/Str.php
index 69522b6a..28d4ef93 100644
--- a/src/Support/Str.php
+++ b/src/Support/Str.php
@@ -59,6 +59,24 @@ final class Str
         return (string) preg_replace('/[^A-Z_a-z0-9\\\\]/', '', $code);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Return the remainder of a string after the last occurrence of a given value.
+     */
+    public static function afterLast(string $subject, string $search): string
+    {
+        if ($search === '') {
+            return $subject;
+        }
+
+        $position = strrpos($subject, $search);
+
+        if ($position === false) {
+            return $subject;
+        }
+
+        return substr($subject, $position + strlen($search));
+    }
+
     /**
      * Get the portion of a string before the last occurrence of a given value.
      */
diff --git a/tests/.snapshots/success.txt b/tests/.snapshots/success.txt
index c23ef369..50598b85 100644
--- a/tests/.snapshots/success.txt
+++ b/tests/.snapshots/success.txt
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@
   ✓ it does not append CoversNothing to other methods
   ✓ it throws exception if no class nor method has been found
 
-   PASS  Tests\Features\Datasets
+   PASS  Tests\Features\DatasetsTests
   ✓ it throws exception if dataset does not exist
   ✓ it throws exception if dataset already exist
   ✓ it sets closures
@@ -116,6 +116,7 @@
   ✓ it will not resolve a closure if it is type hinted as a callable with (Closure Object (...)) #2
   ✓ it can correctly resolve a bound dataset that returns an array with (Closure Object (...))
   ✓ it can correctly resolve a bound dataset that returns an array but wants to be spread with (Closure Object (...))
+  ↓ forbids to define tests in Datasets dirs and Datasets.php files
 
    PASS  Tests\Features\Depends
   ✓ first
@@ -663,6 +664,47 @@
   ✓ get 'foo' → get 'bar' → expect true → toBeTrue
   ✓ get 'foo' → expect true → toBeTrue
 
+   PASS  Tests\Features\ScopedDatasets\Directory\NestedDirectory1\TestFileInNestedDirectoryWithDatasetsFile
+  ✓ uses dataset with (1)
+  ✓ uses dataset with (2)
+  ✓ uses dataset with (3)
+  ✓ uses dataset with (4)
+  ✓ uses dataset with (5)
+  ✓ uses dataset with ('ScopedDatasets/NestedDirector...ts.php')
+  ✓ the right dataset is taken
+
+   PASS  Tests\Features\ScopedDatasets\Directory\NestedDirectory2\TestFileInNestedDirectory
+  ✓ uses dataset with (1)
+  ✓ uses dataset with (2)
+  ✓ uses dataset with (3)
+  ✓ uses dataset with (4)
+  ✓ uses dataset with (5)
+  ✓ uses dataset with ('ScopedDatasets/Datasets/Scoped.php')
+  ✓ the right dataset is taken
+
+   PASS  Tests\Features\ScopedDatasets\Directory\TestFileWithLocallyDefinedDataset
+  ✓ uses dataset with (1)
+  ✓ uses dataset with (2)
+  ✓ uses dataset with (3)
+  ✓ uses dataset with (4)
+  ✓ uses dataset with (5)
+  ✓ uses dataset with ('ScopedDatasets/ScopedDatasets.php')
+  ✓ the right dataset is taken
+
+   PASS  Tests\Features\ScopedDatasets\Directory\TestFileWithScopedDataset
+  ✓ uses dataset with (1)
+  ✓ uses dataset with (2)
+  ✓ uses dataset with (3)
+  ✓ uses dataset with (4)
+  ✓ uses dataset with (5)
+  ✓ uses dataset with ('ScopedDatasets/Datasets/Scoped.php')
+  ✓ the right dataset is taken
+
+   PASS  Tests\Features\ScopedDatasets\TestFileOutOfScope
+  ✓ uses dataset with (1)
+  ✓ uses dataset with (2)
+  ✓ the right dataset is taken
+
    WARN  Tests\Features\Skip
   ✓ it do not skips
   - it skips with truthy → 1
@@ -761,7 +803,7 @@
    PASS  Tests\Unit\Console\Help
   ✓ it outputs the help information when --help is used
 
-   PASS  Tests\Unit\Datasets
+   PASS  Tests\Unit\DatasetsTests
   ✓ it show only the names of named datasets in their description
   ✓ it show the actual dataset of non-named datasets in their description
   ✓ it show only the names of multiple named datasets in their description
@@ -818,4 +860,4 @@
    PASS  Tests\Visual\Version
   ✓ visual snapshot of help command output
 
-  Tests:    4 incomplete, 1 todo, 18 skipped, 562 passed (1460 assertions)
+  Tests:    4 incomplete, 2 todos, 18 skipped, 593 passed (1503 assertions)
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/tests/Features/Datasets.php b/tests/Features/DatasetsTests.php
similarity index 94%
rename from tests/Features/Datasets.php
rename to tests/Features/DatasetsTests.php
index 183b2d3b..9dc72b2b 100644
--- a/tests/Features/Datasets.php
+++ b/tests/Features/DatasetsTests.php
@@ -13,28 +13,28 @@ it('throws exception if dataset does not exist', function () {
     $this->expectException(DatasetDoesNotExist::class);
     $this->expectExceptionMessage("A dataset with the name `first` does not exist. You can create it using `dataset('first', ['a', 'b']);`.");
 
-    DatasetsRepository::resolve('foo', ['first']);
+    DatasetsRepository::resolve(['first'], __FILE__);
 });
 
 it('throws exception if dataset already exist', function () {
-    DatasetsRepository::set('second', [[]]);
+    DatasetsRepository::set('second', [[]], __DIR__);
     $this->expectException(DatasetAlreadyExist::class);
-    $this->expectExceptionMessage('A dataset with the name `second` already exist.');
-    DatasetsRepository::set('second', [[]]);
+    $this->expectExceptionMessage('A dataset with the name `second` already exist in scope ['.__DIR__.'].');
+    DatasetsRepository::set('second', [[]], __DIR__);
 });
 
 it('sets closures', function () {
     DatasetsRepository::set('foo', function () {
         yield [1];
-    });
+    }, __DIR__);
 
-    expect(DatasetsRepository::resolve('foo', ['foo']))->toBe(['(1)' => [1]]);
+    expect(DatasetsRepository::resolve(['foo'], __FILE__))->toBe(['(1)' => [1]]);
 });
 
 it('sets arrays', function () {
-    DatasetsRepository::set('bar', [[2]]);
+    DatasetsRepository::set('bar', [[2]], __DIR__);
 
-    expect(DatasetsRepository::resolve('bar', ['bar']))->toBe(['(2)' => [2]]);
+    expect(DatasetsRepository::resolve(['bar'], __FILE__))->toBe(['(2)' => [2]]);
 });
 
 it('gets bound to test case object', function ($value) {
@@ -304,3 +304,5 @@ it('can correctly resolve a bound dataset that returns an array but wants to be
         return ['foo', 'bar', 'baz'];
     },
 ]);
+
+todo('forbids to define tests in Datasets dirs and Datasets.php files');
diff --git a/tests/Features/ScopedDatasets/Directory/Datasets/Scoped.php b/tests/Features/ScopedDatasets/Directory/Datasets/Scoped.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d49e32c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Features/ScopedDatasets/Directory/Datasets/Scoped.php
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+<?php
+
+dataset('numbers.array', [
+    1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 'ScopedDatasets/Datasets/Scoped.php',
+]);
diff --git a/tests/Features/ScopedDatasets/Directory/NestedDirectory1/Datasets.php b/tests/Features/ScopedDatasets/Directory/NestedDirectory1/Datasets.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5270479f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Features/ScopedDatasets/Directory/NestedDirectory1/Datasets.php
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+<?php
+
+dataset('numbers.array', [
+    1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 'ScopedDatasets/NestedDirectory1/Datasets.php',
+]);
diff --git a/tests/Features/ScopedDatasets/Directory/NestedDirectory1/TestFileInNestedDirectoryWithDatasetsFile.php b/tests/Features/ScopedDatasets/Directory/NestedDirectory1/TestFileInNestedDirectoryWithDatasetsFile.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e14ca863
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Features/ScopedDatasets/Directory/NestedDirectory1/TestFileInNestedDirectoryWithDatasetsFile.php
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+<?php
+
+$state = new stdClass();
+$state->text = '';
+test('uses dataset', function ($value) use ($state) {
+    $state->text .= $value;
+    expect(true)->toBe(true);
+})->with('numbers.array');
+
+test('the right dataset is taken', function () use ($state) {
+    expect($state->text)->toBe('12345ScopedDatasets/NestedDirectory1/Datasets.php');
+});
diff --git a/tests/Features/ScopedDatasets/Directory/NestedDirectory2/TestFileInNestedDirectory.php b/tests/Features/ScopedDatasets/Directory/NestedDirectory2/TestFileInNestedDirectory.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a86b9d23
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Features/ScopedDatasets/Directory/NestedDirectory2/TestFileInNestedDirectory.php
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+<?php
+
+$state = new stdClass();
+$state->text = '';
+test('uses dataset', function ($value) use ($state) {
+    $state->text .= $value;
+    expect(true)->toBe(true);
+})->with('numbers.array');
+
+test('the right dataset is taken', function () use ($state) {
+    expect($state->text)->toBe('12345ScopedDatasets/Datasets/Scoped.php');
+});
diff --git a/tests/Features/ScopedDatasets/Directory/TestFileWithLocallyDefinedDataset.php b/tests/Features/ScopedDatasets/Directory/TestFileWithLocallyDefinedDataset.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0bf23b8c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Features/ScopedDatasets/Directory/TestFileWithLocallyDefinedDataset.php
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+<?php
+
+dataset('numbers.array', [
+    1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 'ScopedDatasets/ScopedDatasets.php',
+]);
+
+$state = new stdClass();
+$state->text = '';
+test('uses dataset', function ($value) use ($state) {
+    $state->text .= $value;
+    expect(true)->toBe(true);
+})->with('numbers.array');
+
+test('the right dataset is taken', function () use ($state) {
+    expect($state->text)->toBe('12345ScopedDatasets/ScopedDatasets.php');
+});
diff --git a/tests/Features/ScopedDatasets/Directory/TestFileWithScopedDataset.php b/tests/Features/ScopedDatasets/Directory/TestFileWithScopedDataset.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a86b9d23
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Features/ScopedDatasets/Directory/TestFileWithScopedDataset.php
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+<?php
+
+$state = new stdClass();
+$state->text = '';
+test('uses dataset', function ($value) use ($state) {
+    $state->text .= $value;
+    expect(true)->toBe(true);
+})->with('numbers.array');
+
+test('the right dataset is taken', function () use ($state) {
+    expect($state->text)->toBe('12345ScopedDatasets/Datasets/Scoped.php');
+});
diff --git a/tests/Features/ScopedDatasets/TestFileOutOfScope.php b/tests/Features/ScopedDatasets/TestFileOutOfScope.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e2d23225
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Features/ScopedDatasets/TestFileOutOfScope.php
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+<?php
+
+$state = new stdClass();
+$state->text = '';
+test('uses dataset', function ($value) use ($state) {
+    $state->text .= $value;
+    expect(true)->toBe(true);
+})->with('numbers.array');
+
+test('the right dataset is taken', function () use ($state) {
+    expect($state->text)->toBe('12');
+});
diff --git a/tests/Unit/Datasets.php b/tests/Unit/DatasetsTests.php
similarity index 81%
rename from tests/Unit/Datasets.php
rename to tests/Unit/DatasetsTests.php
index 83b33b04..a1914f82 100644
--- a/tests/Unit/Datasets.php
+++ b/tests/Unit/DatasetsTests.php
@@ -3,31 +3,31 @@
 use Pest\Repositories\DatasetsRepository;
 
 it('show only the names of named datasets in their description', function () {
-    $descriptions = array_keys(DatasetsRepository::resolve('test description', [
+    $descriptions = array_keys(DatasetsRepository::resolve([
         [
             'one' => [1],
             'two' => [[2]],
         ],
-    ]));
+    ], __FILE__));
 
     expect($descriptions[0])->toBe('data set "one"')
         ->and($descriptions[1])->toBe('data set "two"');
 });
 
 it('show the actual dataset of non-named datasets in their description', function () {
-    $descriptions = array_keys(DatasetsRepository::resolve('test description', [
+    $descriptions = array_keys(DatasetsRepository::resolve([
         [
             [1],
             [[2]],
         ],
-    ]));
+    ], __FILE__));
 
     expect($descriptions[0])->toBe('(1)');
     expect($descriptions[1])->toBe('(array(2))');
 });
 
 it('show only the names of multiple named datasets in their description', function () {
-    $descriptions = array_keys(DatasetsRepository::resolve('test description', [
+    $descriptions = array_keys(DatasetsRepository::resolve([
         [
             'one' => [1],
             'two' => [[2]],
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ it('show only the names of multiple named datasets in their description', functi
             'three' => [3],
             'four' => [[4]],
         ],
-    ]));
+    ], __FILE__));
 
     expect($descriptions[0])->toBe('data set "one" / data set "three"');
     expect($descriptions[1])->toBe('data set "one" / data set "four"');
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ it('show only the names of multiple named datasets in their description', functi
 });
 
 it('show the actual dataset of multiple non-named datasets in their description', function () {
-    $descriptions = array_keys(DatasetsRepository::resolve('test description', [
+    $descriptions = array_keys(DatasetsRepository::resolve([
         [
             [1],
             [[2]],
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ it('show the actual dataset of multiple non-named datasets in their description'
             [3],
             [[4]],
         ],
-    ]));
+    ], __FILE__));
 
     expect($descriptions[0])->toBe('(1) / (3)');
     expect($descriptions[1])->toBe('(1) / (array(4))');
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ it('show the actual dataset of multiple non-named datasets in their description'
 });
 
 it('show the correct description for mixed named and not-named datasets', function () {
-    $descriptions = array_keys(DatasetsRepository::resolve('test description', [
+    $descriptions = array_keys(DatasetsRepository::resolve([
         [
             'one' => [1],
             [[2]],
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ it('show the correct description for mixed named and not-named datasets', functi
             [3],
             'four' => [[4]],
         ],
-    ]));
+    ], __FILE__));
 
     expect($descriptions[0])->toBe('data set "one" / (3)');
     expect($descriptions[1])->toBe('data set "one" / data set "four"');