diff --git a/src/Expectations/OppositeExpectation.php b/src/Expectations/OppositeExpectation.php
index 1ae9ccbe..a5b9b480 100644
--- a/src/Expectations/OppositeExpectation.php
+++ b/src/Expectations/OppositeExpectation.php
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ declare(strict_types=1);
 namespace Pest\Expectations;
 
 use Pest\Expectation;
+use Pest\Support\Arr;
 use PHPUnit\Framework\ExpectationFailedException;
 use SebastianBergmann\Exporter\Exporter;
 
@@ -29,15 +30,19 @@ final class OppositeExpectation
     /**
      * Asserts that the value array not has the provided $keys.
      *
-     * @param array<int, int|string> $keys
+     * @param array<int, int|string|array<int-string, mixed>> $keys
      *
      * @return Expectation<TValue>
      */
     public function toHaveKeys(array $keys): Expectation
     {
-        foreach ($keys as $key) {
+        foreach ($keys as $k => $key) {
             try {
-                $this->original->toHaveKey($key);
+                if (is_array($key)) {
+                    $this->toHaveKeys(array_keys(Arr::dot($key, $k . '.')));
+                } else {
+                    $this->original->toHaveKey($key);
+                }
             } catch (ExpectationFailedException) {
                 continue;
             }
diff --git a/src/Mixins/Expectation.php b/src/Mixins/Expectation.php
index 337cc9cc..71316264 100644
--- a/src/Mixins/Expectation.php
+++ b/src/Mixins/Expectation.php
@@ -595,14 +595,18 @@ final class Expectation
     /**
      * Asserts that the value array has the provided $keys.
      *
-     * @param array<int, int|string> $keys
+     * @param array<int, int|string|array<int-string, mixed>> $keys
      *
      * @return Expectation<TValue>
      */
     public function toHaveKeys(array $keys): Expectation
     {
-        foreach ($keys as $key) {
-            $this->toHaveKey($key);
+        foreach ($keys as $k => $key) {
+            if (is_array($key)) {
+                $this->toHaveKeys(array_keys(Arr::dot($key, $k . '.')));
+            } else {
+                $this->toHaveKey($key);
+            }
         }
 
         return $this;
diff --git a/src/Support/Arr.php b/src/Support/Arr.php
index 922110e1..f4eb19e2 100644
--- a/src/Support/Arr.php
+++ b/src/Support/Arr.php
@@ -60,4 +60,26 @@ final class Arr
 
         return $array;
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Flatten a multi-dimensional associative array with dots.
+     *
+     * @param array<array-key, mixed> $array
+     *
+     * @return array<int|string, mixed>
+     */
+    public static function dot(array $array, string $prepend = ''): array
+    {
+        $results = [];
+
+        foreach ($array as $key => $value) {
+            if (is_array($value) && count($value) > 0) {
+                $results = array_merge($results, static::dot($value, $prepend . $key . '.'));
+            } else {
+                $results[$prepend . $value] = $value;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return $results;
+    }
 }
diff --git a/tests/Features/Expect/toHaveKeys.php b/tests/Features/Expect/toHaveKeys.php
index 4c29a431..6ab0f506 100644
--- a/tests/Features/Expect/toHaveKeys.php
+++ b/tests/Features/Expect/toHaveKeys.php
@@ -6,10 +6,22 @@ test('pass', function () {
     expect(['a' => 1, 'b', 'c' => 'world', 'foo' => ['bar' => 'baz']])->toHaveKeys(['a', 'c', 'foo.bar']);
 });
 
+test('pass with multi-dimensional arrays', function () {
+    expect(['a' => 1, 'b', 'c' => 'world', 'foo' => ['bar' => ['bir' => 'biz']]])->toHaveKeys(['a', 'c', 'foo' => ['bar' => ['bir']]]);
+});
+
 test('failures', function () {
     expect(['a' => 1, 'b', 'c' => 'world', 'foo' => ['bar' => 'baz']])->toHaveKeys(['a', 'd', 'foo.bar', 'hello.world']);
 })->throws(ExpectationFailedException::class);
 
+test('failures with multi-dimensional arrays', function () {
+    expect(['a' => 1, 'b', 'c' => 'world', 'foo' => ['bar' => ['bir' => 'biz']]])->toHaveKeys(['a', 'd', 'foo' => ['bar' => 'bir'], 'hello.world']);
+})->throws(ExpectationFailedException::class);
+
 test('not failures', function () {
     expect(['a' => 1, 'b', 'c' => 'world', 'foo' => ['bar' => 'baz']])->not->toHaveKeys(['foo.bar', 'c', 'z']);
 })->throws(ExpectationFailedException::class);
+
+test('not failures with multi-dimensional arrays', function () {
+    expect(['a' => 1, 'b', 'c' => 'world', 'foo' => ['bar' => ['bir' => 'biz']]])->not->toHaveKeys(['foo' => ['bar' => 'bir'], 'c', 'z']);
+})->throws(ExpectationFailedException::class);