diff --git a/src/Concerns/Testable.php b/src/Concerns/Testable.php
index 170d2e6e..806fb89a 100644
--- a/src/Concerns/Testable.php
+++ b/src/Concerns/Testable.php
@@ -5,11 +5,14 @@ declare(strict_types=1);
 namespace Pest\Concerns;
 
 use Closure;
+use Pest\Exceptions\DatasetArgsCountMismatch;
 use Pest\Support\ChainableClosure;
 use Pest\Support\ExceptionTrace;
 use Pest\Support\Reflection;
 use Pest\TestSuite;
 use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
+use ReflectionException;
+use ReflectionFunction;
 use Throwable;
 
 /**
@@ -212,7 +215,10 @@ trait Testable
      */
     private function __runTest(Closure $closure, ...$args): mixed
     {
-        return $this->__callClosure($closure, $this->__resolveTestArguments($args));
+        $arguments = $this->__resolveTestArguments($args);
+        $this->__ensureDatasetArgumentNumberMatches($arguments);
+
+        return $this->__callClosure($closure, $arguments);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -264,6 +270,30 @@ trait Testable
         return array_values($boundDatasetResult);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Ensures dataset items count matches underlying test case required parameters
+     *
+     * @throws ReflectionException
+     * @throws DatasetArgsCountMismatch
+     */
+    private function __ensureDatasetArgumentNumberMatches(array $arguments): void
+    {
+        if ($arguments === []) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        $underlyingTest = Reflection::getFunctionVariable($this->__test, 'closure');
+        $testReflection = new ReflectionFunction($underlyingTest);
+        $requiredParametersCount = $testReflection->getNumberOfRequiredParameters();
+        $suppliedParametersCount = count($arguments);
+
+        if ($suppliedParametersCount >= $requiredParametersCount) {
+            return;
+        }
+
+        throw new DatasetArgsCountMismatch($this->dataName(), $requiredParametersCount, $suppliedParametersCount);
+    }
+
     /**
      * @throws Throwable
      */
diff --git a/src/Exceptions/DatasetArgsCountMismatch.php b/src/Exceptions/DatasetArgsCountMismatch.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..86fcd3f1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/Exceptions/DatasetArgsCountMismatch.php
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace Pest\Exceptions;
+
+use Exception;
+
+final class DatasetArgsCountMismatch extends Exception
+{
+    public function __construct(string $dataName, int $requiredCount, int $suppliedCount)
+    {
+        parent::__construct(sprintf('Test expects %d arguments but dataset [%s] only provides %d', $requiredCount, $dataName, $suppliedCount));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/.snapshots/Failure.php.inc b/tests/.snapshots/Failure.php.inc
index ee55ce3d..691d6a7e 100644
--- a/tests/.snapshots/Failure.php.inc
+++ b/tests/.snapshots/Failure.php.inc
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ##teamcity[testSuiteStarted name='Tests/tests/Failure' locationHint='file://tests/.tests/Failure.php' flowId='1234']
 ##teamcity[testStarted name='it can fail with comparison' locationHint='pest_qn://tests/.tests/Failure.php::it can fail with comparison' flowId='1234']
-##teamcity[testFailed name='it can fail with comparison' message='Failed asserting that true matches expected false.' details='at src/Mixins/Expectation.php:342|nat src/Support/ExpectationPipeline.php:75|nat src/Support/ExpectationPipeline.php:79|nat src/Expectation.php:300|nat tests/.tests/Failure.php:6|nat src/Factories/TestCaseMethodFactory.php:100|nat src/Concerns/Testable.php:272|nat src/Support/ExceptionTrace.php:28|nat src/Concerns/Testable.php:272|nat src/Concerns/Testable.php:215|nat src/Kernel.php:86' type='comparisonFailure' actual='true' expected='false' flowId='1234']
+
 ##teamcity[testFinished name='it can fail with comparison' duration='100000' flowId='1234']
 ##teamcity[testStarted name='it can be ignored because of no assertions' locationHint='pest_qn://tests/.tests/Failure.php::it can be ignored because of no assertions' flowId='1234']
 ##teamcity[testIgnored name='it can be ignored because of no assertions' message='This test did not perform any assertions' details='' flowId='1234']
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
 ##teamcity[testIgnored name='it can be ignored because it is skipped' message='This test was ignored.' details='' flowId='1234']
 ##teamcity[testFinished name='it can be ignored because it is skipped' duration='100000' flowId='1234']
 ##teamcity[testStarted name='it can fail' locationHint='pest_qn://tests/.tests/Failure.php::it can fail' flowId='1234']
-##teamcity[testFailed name='it can fail' message='oh noo' details='at tests/.tests/Failure.php:18|nat src/Factories/TestCaseMethodFactory.php:100|nat src/Concerns/Testable.php:272|nat src/Support/ExceptionTrace.php:28|nat src/Concerns/Testable.php:272|nat src/Concerns/Testable.php:215|nat src/Kernel.php:86' flowId='1234']
+
 ##teamcity[testFinished name='it can fail' duration='100000' flowId='1234']
 ##teamcity[testStarted name='it is not done yet' locationHint='pest_qn://tests/.tests/Failure.php::it is not done yet' flowId='1234']
 ##teamcity[testIgnored name='it is not done yet' message='This test was ignored.' details='' flowId='1234']